Berner Y, Morse R, Frank O, Baker H, Shike M
Department of Medicine Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York 10021.
JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1989 Sep-Oct;13(5):525-8. doi: 10.1177/0148607189013005525.
Plasma levels of vitamins were determined in eight patients who were nourished with long-term enteral feeding using commercial formulas. The type and quantity of the formula were individually tailored to the patients' needs. Caloric intake (mean +/- SEM) amounted to 1564 +/- 97 kcal/day. Vitamins intake from the formulas, expressed as percent of Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA), was as follows: pantothenic acid, 222 +/- 44%; vitamin B12, 206 +/- 34%; vitamin C, 376 +/- 51%; thiamine, 207 +/- 34%; niacin, 207 +/- 34%; riboflavin, 207 +/- 34%; pyridoxine, 222 +/- 17%; biotin, 113 +/- 13%; vitamin A, 93 +/- 4%; and folic acid, 104 +/- 14%. Plasma levels of thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, folic acid, and vitamin B12 were within normal limits in all patients. Two patients had lower than normal plasma levels of nicotinic acid despite the high intake. Plasma biotin levels were above normal in all patients, with a mean of 931 +/- 140 pg/ml (N: 200-500 pg/ml). Ascorbic acid levels were within or above normal, but no correlation with intake was found. Carotene levels were measured in five patients and found to be below the lower limit of normal, a reflection of lack of intake from the enteral formulas. The plasma vitamin A levels were normal in all patients. It is concluded that feeding with commercial enteral formulas results in normal plasma levels of vitamins in patients maintained on these formulas for over 6 months. The excessive amounts of vitamins in the formulas do not result in elevated plasma levels, except for Biotin.
对8例长期使用商业配方奶粉进行肠内营养的患者测定了血浆维生素水平。配方奶粉的类型和数量根据患者的需求进行个体化调整。热量摄入（平均值±标准误）为1564±97千卡/天。配方奶粉中维生素的摄入量，以推荐每日摄入量（RDA）的百分比表示如下：泛酸，222±44%；维生素B12，206±34%；维生素C，376±51%；硫胺素，207±34%；烟酸，207±34%；核黄素，207±34%；吡哆醇，222±17%；生物素，113±13%；维生素A，93±4%；叶酸，104±14%。所有患者的血浆硫胺素、核黄素、吡哆醇、泛酸、叶酸和维生素B12水平均在正常范围内。尽管烟酸摄入量高，但有2例患者的血浆烟酸水平低于正常。所有患者的血浆生物素水平均高于正常，平均值为931±140皮克/毫升（正常范围：200 - 500皮克/毫升）。抗坏血酸水平在正常范围内或高于正常，但未发现与摄入量相关。对5例患者测定了胡萝卜素水平，发现低于正常下限，这反映了肠内配方奶粉中摄入量不足。所有患者的血浆维生素A水平均正常。结论是，使用商业肠内配方奶粉喂养超过6个月的患者，其血浆维生素水平正常。除生物素外，配方奶粉中过量的维生素不会导致血浆水平升高。
