Environ Technol. 2014 Sep-Oct;35(17-20):2227-36. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2014.899398.
The objective of this study is to investigate the impacts of anionic polymer as a flocculant aid on the coagulation/flocculation performance with a saline solution of Moringa oleifera as a coagulant to provide larger flocs and decrease the time sedimentation. For the tests, raw water was used from Pirapó River Basin (Maringá, Paraná, Brazil). Optimization of coagulation/flocculation tests was initially performed in a jar-test with a dosage of M. oleifera Lam (crude extract--MO, oil-extracted with ethanol--MO (et) and hexane--MO (hex) 1% m/v) as the coagulant that ranged from 10 to 60 mg L(-1) and of the anionic polymer 0.1% as a flocculant aid with a dosage that ranged from 0 to 0.4 mg L(-1). The parameters analysed were colour, turbidity and compounds with absorption in UV254nm. In view of the statistical analysis results, MO (hex) with a dosage of 30 mg L(-1) was chosen as a coagulant for the next tests of coagulation/flocculation. When anionic polymer was used alone (0.0 mg L(-1) of MO (hex)), parameters were not removed and there was no generation of heavy flocs as compared with the combination of MO (hex) with the anionic polymer. Statistical analysis showed that MO (hex) obtained the highest removals of the parameters analysed in lower dosages and no significant increase in parameters removal was observed when the polymer dosage was increased. The efficacy of the coagulant +/- anionic polymer was optimal when 30mg L(-1) of MO (hex) was used as a coagulant and 0.1 mg L(-1) of the anionic polymer was used as a flocculant aid, decreasing the time sedimentation from 1 h to 15 min.
本研究的目的是探讨阴离子型聚合物作为助凝剂对带有辣木（Moringa oleifera）盐水溶液的混凝/絮凝性能的影响，以形成更大的絮体并减少沉淀时间。对于测试，使用皮拉波河（巴西巴拉那州马兰热）流域的原水。首先在搅拌试验中对混凝/絮凝试验进行优化，采用辣木（粗提物-MO、乙醇提取-MO（et）和己烷-MO（hex）1%m/v）作为混凝剂，剂量范围为 10 至 60mg/L，阴离子型聚合物 0.1%作为助凝剂，剂量范围为 0 至 0.4mg/L。分析的参数包括颜色、浊度和在 UV254nm 处有吸收的化合物。根据统计分析结果，选择剂量为 30mg/L 的 MO（hex）作为下一轮混凝/絮凝试验的混凝剂。当单独使用阴离子型聚合物（MO（hex）剂量为 0.0mg/L）时，与 MO（hex）与阴离子型聚合物组合相比，参数未被去除，也没有形成重絮体。统计分析表明，在较低剂量下，MO（hex）对所分析参数的去除率最高，当聚合物剂量增加时，参数去除率没有明显增加。当使用 30mg/L 的 MO（hex）作为混凝剂和 0.1mg/L 的阴离子型聚合物作为助凝剂时，混凝剂的功效最佳，可将沉淀时间从 1 小时缩短至 15 分钟。
