使用人类和动物模型研究青少年、成年人和老年人中与年龄相关的酒精影响。
Age-related effects of alcohol from adolescent, adult, and aged populations using human and animal models.
作者信息
Squeglia Lindsay M, Boissoneault Jeff, Van Skike Candice E, Nixon Sara Jo, Matthews Douglas B
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.
出版信息
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Oct;38(10):2509-16. doi: 10.1111/acer.12531. Epub 2014 Aug 25.
BACKGROUND
This review incorporates current research examining alcohol's differential effects on adolescents, adults, and aged populations in both animal and clinical models.
METHODS
The studies presented range from cognitive, behavioral, molecular, and neuroimaging techniques, leading to a more comprehensive understanding of how acute and chronic alcohol use affects the brain throughout the life span.
RESULTS
Age of life is a significant factor in determining the effect of alcohol on brain functioning. Adolescents and aged populations may be more negatively affected by heavy alcohol use when compared to adults.
CONCLUSIONS
Investigations limiting alcohol effects to a single age group constrains understanding of differential trajectories and outcomes following acute and chronic use. To meaningfully address the sequencing and interaction effects of alcohol and age, the field must incorporate collaborative and integrated research efforts focused on interdisciplinary questions facilitated by engaging basic and applied scientists with expertise in a range of disciplines including alcohol, neurodevelopment, and aging.
背景
本综述纳入了当前在动物和临床模型中研究酒精对青少年、成年人和老年人群不同影响的研究。
方法
所呈现的研究涵盖认知、行为、分子和神经成像技术，从而更全面地了解急性和慢性饮酒在整个生命周期中如何影响大脑。
结果
年龄是决定酒精对大脑功能影响的一个重要因素。与成年人相比，青少年和老年人群可能更容易受到大量饮酒的负面影响。
结论
将酒精影响局限于单一年龄组的研究限制了对急性和慢性饮酒后不同轨迹和结果的理解。为了有意义地解决酒精和年龄的先后顺序及相互作用影响，该领域必须开展合作与综合研究，聚焦跨学科问题，让基础科学家和应用科学家参与其中，这些科学家在包括酒精、神经发育和衰老等一系列学科领域具备专业知识。
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