Moazam Farhat, Jafarey Aamir
Centre of Biomedical Ethics and Culture, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi.
Centre of Biomedical Ethics and Culture, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi 74200.
Indian J Med Ethics. 2014 Jul-Sep;11(3):156-62. doi: 10.20529/IJME.2014.042.
Pakistan has taken a long and tortuous road towards curbing the trade in organs within its borders. Yet, despite the phenomenal gains, several challenges remain in this area. For example, robust and sustainable deceased donor programmes must be established to meet the needs of a country which has a high prevalence of kidney disease and failure. Further, it is necessary to offer an alternative source of organs for transplantation to desperate patients who resort to buying these from the "market". Cultural factors and religious beliefs about the sanctity and inviolability of the corpse, as well as the lack of public and professional education regarding the procurement of organs from the deceased, pose considerable barriers that must be surmounted. We believe it is equally important that transplant professionals and the governments of affluent countries consider measures to discourage, if not prevent, their citizens from travelling to impoverished countries such as Pakistan to buy organs. Without a commitment, ethical and legal, to international solidarity in this matter, the goals that are already difficult for developing countries to achieve, ie, establishing deceased donor programmes and bringing an end to organ trafficking, will be even harder to achieve.
巴基斯坦在遏制其境内器官交易方面走过了漫长而曲折的道路。然而，尽管取得了显著成效，但该领域仍存在一些挑战。例如，必须建立强大且可持续的遗体捐赠项目，以满足一个肾病和肾衰竭高发国家的需求。此外，有必要为那些绝望地从“市场”购买器官的患者提供移植器官的替代来源。关于尸体的神圣性和不可侵犯性的文化因素和宗教信仰，以及缺乏关于从死者身上获取器官的公众和专业教育，构成了必须克服的重大障碍。我们认为，同样重要的是，移植专业人员和富裕国家的政府应考虑采取措施，即便无法阻止，也要劝阻其公民前往巴基斯坦等贫困国家购买器官。如果在这个问题上没有道德和法律层面的国际团结承诺，那么发展中国家已经难以实现的目标，即建立遗体捐赠项目并杜绝器官 trafficking，将更难实现。 （注：原文中“trafficking”未翻译完整，根据语境推测可能是“器官贩卖”，但需确认原文准确内容）
