Soyebi Kofo, Adeyemo Titilope, Ojewunmi Oyesola, James Funmi, Adefalujo Kunle, Akinyanju Olu
Department of Radio-diagnosis, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014 Dec;61(12):2263-6. doi: 10.1002/pbc.25216. Epub 2014 Aug 30.
Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) measures blood flow velocities in the large cerebral vessels and thus, detects the risk of stroke. This report describes a capacity building program which enabled the use of TCD for detecting stroke risk and also describes the pattern of non-imaging TCD examinations seen in Nigerian children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA).
Ten university graduates were trained on the use of TCD in a 5-day capacity building workshop after which, the three best candidates were employed to provide a 5-day a week TCD screening service in Lagos. Data from TCD examination collected between March 2011 and September 2013 were analysed and reported.
Between March 2011 and September 2013, 2,331 children with SCA aged 2-16 years had TCD studies. TCD's findings were classified as normal (standard risk) in 70.4%, conditional in 19% and abnormal (high risk) in 9.3%. The majority of children (76.9%) in the high risk category were aged 2-8 years. TCD study was inadequate for risk categorisation in 1.3% of the patients.
Effective capacity building of middle level manpower is feasible and can provide a credible TCD screening service to communities with a high demand and a shortage of trained professionals. The pattern of TCD abnormalities seen in Africa are comparable to those obtained in several previous worldwide reports.
经颅多普勒超声检查（TCD）可测量大脑大血管中的血流速度，从而检测中风风险。本报告描述了一个能力建设项目，该项目使TCD能够用于检测中风风险，还描述了尼日利亚镰状细胞贫血（SCA）患儿的非成像TCD检查模式。
10名大学毕业生在为期5天的能力建设研讨会上接受了TCD使用培训，之后，三名最佳候选人受雇于拉各斯，每周提供5天的TCD筛查服务。对2011年3月至2013年9月期间收集的TCD检查数据进行了分析和报告。
2011年3月至2013年9月期间，对2331名2至16岁的SCA患儿进行了TCD研究。TCD检查结果分类为正常（标准风险）的占70.4%，有条件的占19%，异常（高风险）的占9.3%。高风险类别中的大多数儿童（76.9%）年龄在2至8岁之间。1.3%的患者TCD研究不足以进行风险分类。
对中级人力进行有效的能力建设是可行的，并且可以为需求高且缺乏专业培训人员的社区提供可靠的TCD筛查服务。在非洲观察到的TCD异常模式与之前全球范围内的几份报告中的模式相当。
