The Japanese Society for Bone and Mineral Research (JSBMR) has updated the Guidelines on the Management and Treatment of Glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis (GIO) and has incorporated a new scoring method. In the updated guidelines, the JSBMR committee established an intervention threshold by analyzing five Japanese GIO cohorts from primary and secondary prevention studies and then by comprehensively assessing fracture risk using the scoring method. Age, GC dose, lumbar BMD, and prior fragility fractures were identified as factors predicting future fracture and the fracture risk for an individual can be calculated as the sum of the scores for each risk factor. The guidelines were updated on the basis of a score of 3 as the optimal cut-off score for pharmacological intervention. The medications recommended in the guidelines are limited to those approved for the treatment of osteoporosis in Japan. Among these agents, the committee comprehensively reviewed validity for both primary and secondary prevention and assessed the benefit for both BMD and fracture prevention based on the results of clinical studies. Both alendronate and risedronate are recommended as first-line treatment. Ibandronate, teriparatide, and active vitamin D3 derivatives are recommended as alternative option.