Siozios Stefanos, Tosi Lorenzo, Ferrarini Alberto, Ferrari Alessandro, Tononi Paola, Bellin Diana, Maurhofer Monika, Gessler Cesare, Delledonne Massimo, Pertot Ilaria
Phytopathology. 2015 Feb;105(2):199-209. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-01-14-0013-R.
Ampelomyces quisqualis is a mycoparasite of a diverse range of phytopathogenic fungi associated with the powdery mildew disease. Among them are several Erysiphaceae species with great economic impact on high-value crops such as grape. Due to its ability to parasitize and prevent the spread of powdery mildews, A. quisqualis has received considerable attention for its biocontrol potential. However, and in sharp contrast to the extensively studied biocontrol species belonging to the genus Trichoderma, little is known about the biology of A. quisqualis at the molecular and genetic levels. We present the first genome-wide transcription profiling in A. quisqualis during host-induced germination. A total of 1,536 putative genes showed significant changes in transcription during the germination of A. quisqualis. This finding denotes an extensive transcriptional reprogramming of A. quisqualis induced by the presence of the host. Several upregulated genes were predicted to encode for putative mycoparasitism-related proteins such as secreted proteases, virulence factors, and proteins related to toxin biosynthesis. Our data provide the most comprehensive sequence resource currently available for A. quisqualis in addition to offering valuable insights into the biology of A. quisqualis and its mycoparasitic lifestyle. Eventually, this may improve the biocontrol capacity of this mycoparasite.
粉孢寄生菌是一种寄生于多种与白粉病相关的植物病原真菌的重寄生菌。其中包括几种对葡萄等高价值作物有重大经济影响的白粉菌科物种。由于其具有寄生和阻止白粉病传播的能力，粉孢寄生菌因其生物防治潜力而受到了相当大的关注。然而，与广泛研究的木霉属生物防治物种形成鲜明对比的是，在分子和遗传水平上，人们对粉孢寄生菌的生物学知之甚少。我们展示了粉孢寄生菌在宿主诱导萌发过程中的首次全基因组转录谱分析。在粉孢寄生菌萌发过程中，共有1536个推定基因的转录发生了显著变化。这一发现表明宿主的存在诱导了粉孢寄生菌广泛的转录重编程。一些上调基因被预测编码推定的与重寄生相关的蛋白质，如分泌蛋白酶、毒力因子和与毒素生物合成相关的蛋白质。我们的数据除了为粉孢寄生菌的生物学及其重寄生生活方式提供有价值的见解外，还提供了目前可获得的最全面的粉孢寄生菌序列资源。最终，这可能会提高这种重寄生菌的生物防治能力。
