美国医学院兼职教师的特点、满意度及敬业度

Characteristics, satisfaction, and engagement of part-time faculty at U.S. medical schools.

作者信息

Pollart Susan M, Dandar Valerie, Brubaker Linda, Chaudron Linda, Morrison Leslie A, Fox Shannon, Mylona Elza, Bunton Sarah A

机构信息

Dr. Pollart is Ruth E. Murdaugh Professor of Family Medicine and senior associate dean for faculty affairs and faculty development, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia. Ms. Dandar is senior research and member services specialist, Faculty Forward, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC. Dr. Brubaker is professor of obstetrics and gynecology and dean, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois. Dr. Chaudron is senior associate dean for diversity and professor in psychiatry, pediatrics, and obstetrics and gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York. Dr. Morrison is vice chancellor for academic affairs and professor of neurology and pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Dr. Fox is senior director of research, American Academy of Physician Assistants, Alexandria, Virginia. Dr. Mylona is vice dean for faculty affairs and professional development and professor of medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia. Dr. Bunton is research director, Organization and Management Studies, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC.

出版信息

Acad Med. 2015 Mar;90(3):355-64. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000470.

DOI:10.1097/ACM.0000000000000470

PMID:25186817

Abstract

PURPOSE

To describe the demographics of part-time faculty at U.S. medical schools and to examine their satisfaction with and perceptions of their workplace.

METHOD

Faculty from 14 Liaison Committee on Medical Education-accredited U.S. medical schools participated in the 2011-2012 Faculty Forward Engagement Survey. The authors calculated descriptive statistics of part-time faculty respondents and used ANOVA and t test analyses to assess significant differences between and among demographic groups.

RESULTS

The survey yielded an overall response rate of 62% (9,600/15,490). Of the part-time faculty respondents, most had appointments in clinical departments (634/674; 94%) and were female (415/674; 62%). Just over 80% (384/474) reported a full-time equivalent of 0.5 or higher. The majority of part-time faculty respondents reported satisfaction with their department and medical school as a place to work (372/496 [75%] and 325/492 [66%]); approximately half agreed that their institution had clear expectations for part-time faculty (210/456; 46%) and provided the resources they needed (232/457; 51%). Significant differences existed between part- and full-time faculty respondents regarding perceptions of growth opportunities and compensation and benefits, with part-time faculty respondents feeling less satisfied in these areas.

CONCLUSIONS

As institutions work to improve the satisfaction of full-time faculty, they should do the same for part-time faculty. Understanding why faculty choose part-time work is important in encouraging the recruitment and retention of the most talented faculty. The findings of this study indicate multiple opportunities to improve the satisfaction and engagement of part-time faculty.

摘要

目的

描述美国医学院兼职教师的人口统计学特征，并考察他们对工作场所的满意度及看法。

方法

来自14所经医学教育联络委员会认证的美国医学院的教师参与了2011 - 2012年教师前瞻参与度调查。作者计算了兼职教师受访者的描述性统计数据，并使用方差分析和t检验分析来评估不同人口统计学群体之间的显著差异。

结果

该调查的总体回复率为62%（9600/15490）。在兼职教师受访者中，大多数在临床科室任职（634/674；94%），且为女性（415/674；62%）。略超过80%（384/474）的受访者报告其全职等效工作量为0.5或更高。大多数兼职教师受访者对其所在科室和医学院作为工作场所表示满意（372/496 [75%]和325/492 [66%]）；约一半的人同意他们的机构对兼职教师有明确期望（210/456；46%）并提供了他们所需的资源（232/457；51%）。兼职和全职教师受访者在对成长机会、薪酬和福利的看法上存在显著差异，兼职教师受访者在这些方面的满意度较低。