Global Theme-Crop Improvement, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India,
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Jun;27(6):1313-21. doi: 10.1007/s11274-010-0579-0. Epub 2010 Oct 16.
A total of 360 bacteria, isolated from the rhizospheres of a system of rice intensification (SRI) fields, were characterized for the production of siderophore, fluorescence, indole acetic acid (IAA), hydrocyanic acid (HCN) and solubilization of phosphorus. Of them, seven most promising isolates (SRI-156, -158, -178, -211, -229, -305 and -360) were screened for their antagonistic potential against Macrophomina phaseolina (causes charcoal rot in sorghum) by dual culture assay, blotter paper assay and in greenhouse. All the seven isolates inhibited M. phaseolina in dual culture assay, whereas six isolates solubilized phosphorous (except SRI-360), all seven produced siderophore, four produced fluorescence (except SRI-178, -229 and -305), six produced IAA (except SRI-305) and five produced HCN (except SRI-158 and -305). In the blotter paper assay, no charcoal rot infection was observed in SRI-156-treated sorghum roots, indicating complete inhibition of the pathogen, while the roots treated with the other isolates showed 49-76% lesser charcoal rot infection compared to the control. In the antifungal activity test (in green house on sorghum), all the isolates increased shoot dry mass by 15-23% and root dry mass by 15-20% (except SRI-158 and -360), over the control. In order to confirm the plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits of the isolates, the green house experiment was repeated but, in the absence of M. phaseolina. The results further confirmed the PGP traits of the isolates as evidenced by increases in shoot and root dry mass, 22-100% and 5-20%, respectively, over the control. The sequences of 16S rDNA gene of the isolates SRI-156, -158, -178, -211, -229, -305 and -360 were matched with Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, Brevibacterium antiquum, Bacillus altitudinis, Enterobacter ludwigii, E. ludwigii, Acinetobacter tandoii and P. monteilii, respectively in BLAST analysis. This study indicates that the selected bacterial isolates have the potential for PGP and control of charcoal rot disease in sorghum.
总共从强化水稻种植系统（SRI）的根际中分离出 360 株细菌，对其产生铁载体、荧光、吲哚乙酸（IAA）、氢氰酸（HCN）和磷溶解的能力进行了特征描述。其中，有 7 株最有前途的分离株（SRI-156、-158、-178、-211、-229、-305 和-360）通过双培养测定法、拭子纸测定法和温室试验筛选了它们对 Macrophomina phaseolina（引起高粱炭腐病）的拮抗潜力。所有 7 株分离株在双培养测定中均抑制 M. phaseolina，而 6 株分离株溶解磷（除 SRI-360 外），7 株分离株均产生铁载体，4 株分离株产生荧光（除 SRI-178、-229 和-305 外），6 株分离株产生 IAA（除 SRI-305 外），5 株分离株产生 HCN（除 SRI-158 和-305 外）。在拭子纸测定中，用 SRI-156 处理的高粱根未观察到炭腐病感染，表明病原菌完全被抑制，而用其他分离株处理的根与对照相比，炭腐病感染减少了 49-76%。在温室条件下（在高粱上）进行的抗真菌活性试验中，所有分离株的茎干质量增加了 15-23%，根干质量增加了 15-20%（除 SRI-158 和-360 外），均高于对照。为了确认分离株的植物促生长（PGP）特性，重复了温室试验，但没有 M. phaseolina。结果进一步证实了分离株的 PGP 特性，因为茎干和根干的质量分别比对照增加了 22-100%和 5-20%。分离株 SRI-156、-158、-178、-211、-229、-305 和-360 的 16S rDNA 基因序列在 BLAST 分析中分别与 Pseudomonas plecoglossicida、Brevibacterium antiquum、Bacillus altitudinis、Enterobacter ludwigii、E. ludwigii、Acinetobacter tandoii 和 P. monteilii 相匹配。这项研究表明，所选细菌分离株具有促进植物生长和控制高粱炭腐病的潜力。
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