Chen Dongli, Lin Jie, Yan Yongen, Pi Jiang, Xu Jun-Fa, Chen Lingming
Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
BMC Genomics. 2025 Jul 12;26(1):660. doi: 10.1186/s12864-025-11842-0.
Bacillus has been gradually applied to human production activities as a new type of biological control agent and probiotic preparation. This study investigates a newly isolated Bacillus altitudinis G03 utilizing whole genome sequencing, comparative genome analysis and in vitro experiments to comprehensively disclose its beneficial traits.
According to whole genome sequencing and assembly data, the genome of G03 consists of a circular chromosome containing 10 gene clusters linked to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, 139 CAZymes, an antibiotic resistance gene, and 2 prophage elements, which show great potential in antibacterial and antifungal properties. G03 also encodes secreted proteins involved in important biological processes such as nutrient absorption, colonization, quorum sensing, and antibiotic synthesis. In vitro experiments confirm that G03 successfully inhibits the growth of several fungi and pathogenic bacteria, hydrolyzes protein and cellulose, and is capable of forming strong adhesive biofilms. Furthermore, comparative genomics analysis reveals that G03 contains 78 unique genes associated with various functions such as bacteriocin immunity and sporulation. Selective pressure analysis indicates that the genes associated with integral components of membrane and regulation of transcription are strongly positively selected, which may shape the evolution of G03.
Collectively, these results provide a strong theoretical framework for further research and utilization of B. altitudinis G03 as a novel probiotic and biocontrol agent.
芽孢杆菌作为一种新型生物防治剂和益生菌制剂已逐渐应用于人类生产活动。本研究通过全基因组测序、比较基因组分析和体外实验，对新分离的高海拔芽孢杆菌G03进行研究，以全面揭示其有益特性。
根据全基因组测序和组装数据，G03的基因组由一条环状染色体组成，包含10个与次生代谢物生物合成相关的基因簇、139个碳水化合物活性酶、一个抗生素抗性基因和2个原噬菌体元件，在抗菌和抗真菌特性方面具有巨大潜力。G03还编码参与营养吸收、定殖、群体感应和抗生素合成等重要生物学过程的分泌蛋白。体外实验证实，G03成功抑制了几种真菌和病原菌的生长，水解了蛋白质和纤维素，并能够形成强粘附性生物膜。此外，比较基因组学分析表明，G03包含78个与细菌素免疫和孢子形成等各种功能相关的独特基因。选择压力分析表明，与膜的整体成分和转录调控相关的基因受到强烈的正选择，这可能塑造了G03的进化。
总的来说，这些结果为进一步研究和利用高海拔芽孢杆菌G03作为新型益生菌和生物防治剂提供了有力的理论框架。
