[上海成年人的超重与肥胖及其与饮食模式的关联]

[Overweight and obesity in Shanghai adults and their associations with dietary patterns].

作者信息

Meng Pai, Jia Liting, Gao Xi, Liao Zhongqiang, Wu Min, Li Shuguang, Chen Bo

出版信息

Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2014 Jul;43(4):567-72.

PMID:25199283

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Shanghai adults, and explore their associations with dietary patterns.

METHODS

Food frequency questionnaire information of 1535 adults aged > or = 18 years old were collected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method, and used for the identification of overweight and obesity based on the criteria from Working Group On Obesity In China. Factor analysis was applied to determine major dietary patterns that may potentially associated with overweight and obesity.

RESULTS

Four dietary patterns were identified, namely "western food" pattern, "high protein and calcium" pattern, "fruits and snacks" pattern, "stapple food and vegetables" pattern. Whether or not controlling the confounding factors of age, gender and degree of education, a positively association was found between "stapple food and vegetables" pattern and obesity by logistic analysis (before adjustment, OR = 2.76 between the upper (Q4) and lower (Q1) quartile, P < 0.01, after adjustment, OR = 2.67 between Q4 and Q1, P < 0.01). The Q4 group of "stapple food and vegetables" pattern had higher proportion of carbohydrates that contributed to total energy than the Q1 group (43.9% vs. 34.3%, P < 0.01). The Q4 group of "stapple food and vegetables" pattern had higher energy intake of 1.96 - fold than the Q1 group.

CONCLUSION

"Stapple food and vegetables" pattern may be a risk factor for obesity.

摘要

目的

调查上海成年人超重和肥胖的患病率，并探讨其与饮食模式的关联。

方法

采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法收集1535名年龄≥18岁成年人的食物频率问卷信息，并根据中国肥胖问题工作组的标准用于超重和肥胖的识别。应用因子分析确定可能与超重和肥胖潜在相关的主要饮食模式。

结果

识别出四种饮食模式，即“西餐”模式、“高蛋白和高钙”模式、“水果和零食”模式、“主食和蔬菜”模式。无论是否控制年龄、性别和教育程度等混杂因素，经逻辑分析发现“主食和蔬菜”模式与肥胖之间存在正相关（调整前，上四分位数（Q4）与下四分位数（Q1）之间的比值比（OR）=2.76，P<0.01；调整后，Q4与Q1之间的OR=2.67，P<0.01）。“主食和蔬菜”模式的Q4组碳水化合物占总能量的比例高于Q1组（43.9%对34.3%，P<0.01）。“主食和蔬菜”模式的Q4组能量摄入量比Q1组高1.96倍。