Skaare Anne B, Aas Anne-Lise Maseng, Wang Nina J
Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Behavioural Science, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2015 May;25(3):221-8. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12136. Epub 2014 Sep 9.
Trauma to primary teeth may have consequences.
To study frequency of enamel defects in permanent successors after luxation injuries, and to report carers' experiences.
Children 8-15 years (n = 170) suffering luxation injury to primary dentition in 2003 were reexamined in 2010. Permanent successors (n = 300) were clinically examined and photographed. Data from dental records, registration form and a questionnaire were analysed by cross-tabulation and tested by chi-square and t-test.
Enamel defects were registered in 130 successor teeth, 22% due to trauma, 21% due to other aetiological factors (MIH, dental fluorosis, idiopathic). Successors with enamel defects were after concussion 8%, subluxation 18%, lateral luxation 41%, intrusion 38% and avulsion 47%. Enamel defects were associated with the child's age and severity of the injury (P < 0.05). Six children had enamel defects in successors of non-injured primary teeth. Anxiety recorded by carers was associated with severity and number of injured teeth (P < 0.05). According to carers eight children developed dental fear, seven were younger than 3.5 years and had had their injured teeth removed.
Minor luxation injuries and indirect trauma may cause enamel defects in permanent successors. Lower age at injury, severity and number of injured teeth affect carer and child negatively.
乳牙外伤可能会产生后果。
研究牙齿脱位性损伤后恒牙胚釉质发育不全的发生率，并报告护理人员的经历。
对2003年乳牙列发生脱位性损伤的8至15岁儿童（n = 170）于2010年进行复查。对恒牙胚（n = 300）进行临床检查并拍照。通过交叉表分析来自牙科记录、登记表和问卷的数据，并采用卡方检验和t检验进行检验。
在130颗恒牙胚中记录到釉质发育不全，其中22% 是由外伤引起，21% 是由其他病因（乳牙釉质发育不全、氟斑牙、特发性）引起。发生釉质发育不全的恒牙胚在震荡伤后为8%，亚脱位伤后为18%，侧向脱位伤后为41%，嵌入性脱位伤后为38%，脱出性脱位伤后为47%。釉质发育不全与儿童年龄和损伤严重程度相关（P < 0.05）。6名儿童在未受伤乳牙的恒牙胚中出现釉质发育不全。护理人员记录的焦虑与损伤严重程度和受伤牙齿数量相关（P < 0.05）。根据护理人员的报告，8名儿童出现牙科恐惧症，其中7名年龄小于3.5岁且受伤牙齿已拔除。
轻度脱位性损伤和间接外伤可能导致恒牙胚釉质发育不全。受伤时年龄较小、损伤严重程度和受伤牙齿数量对护理人员和儿童有负面影响。
