Braxter Betty J, Puskar Kathy, Mitchell Ann M, Hagle Holly, Gotham Heather, Terry Martha Ann
Betty J. Braxter, PhD, RN, CNM, Kathy Puskar, DrPH, RN, FAAN, and Ann M. Mitchell, PhD, RN, FAAN, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pennsylvania. Holly Hagle, PhD, Institute for Research, Education, and Training in Addictions, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Heather Gotham, PhD, University of Missouri-Kansas City. Martha Ann Terry, PhD, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pennsylvania.
J Addict Nurs. 2014 Jul-Sep;25(3):122-9. doi: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000037.
Although Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an effective early intervention when used across healthcare settings, its implementation has been difficult, in part because of lack of training, healthcare providers' feelings of low self-efficacy in performing SBIRT, and negative attitudes about people who use alcohol and drugs. This study used qualitative descriptive methods to examine baccalaureate nursing students' experiences with practicing SBIRT in clinical rotations following in-depth classroom work and skill-based training. Fifty-five junior level nursing students participated in four focus groups. Three overarching themes describe students' experiences with SBIRT. Students expressed a positive impact of the training on their attitudes and feelings of self-efficacy regarding the use of SBIRT, differences in opinions about whether SBIRT should be used universally with all patients or as a targeted intervention with only some patients, and that SBIRT is a nursing responsibility. These results suggest that education and training can affect attitudes and efficacy, but that attention needs to be paid to how SBIRT is implemented within different healthcare settings.
尽管筛查、简短干预及转介治疗（SBIRT）在跨医疗环境中使用时是一种有效的早期干预措施，但其实施一直存在困难，部分原因是缺乏培训、医疗服务提供者在实施SBIRT时自我效能感较低，以及对酗酒和吸毒者的负面态度。本研究采用定性描述方法，在深入的课堂学习和基于技能的培训之后，考察本科护理专业学生在临床实习中实践SBIRT的经历。55名大三护理专业学生参加了4个焦点小组。三个总体主题描述了学生在SBIRT方面的经历。学生们表示，培训对他们在使用SBIRT方面的态度和自我效能感产生了积极影响，对于SBIRT是应普遍应用于所有患者还是仅作为针对部分患者的有针对性干预措施存在不同意见，并且认为SBIRT是护理人员的职责。这些结果表明，教育和培训可以影响态度和效能，但需要关注SBIRT在不同医疗环境中的实施方式。
