骨组织对振动诱发肌肉力量增益和振动诱发反射肌肉活动影响的随机试验
A Randomized Trial on the Effect of Bone Tissue on Vibration-induced Muscle Strength Gain and Vibration-induced Reflex Muscle Activity.
机构信息
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, İstanbul University İstanbul Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey.
出版信息
Balkan Med J. 2014 Mar;31(1):11-22. doi: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2013.9482. Epub 2014 Mar 1.
BACKGROUND
Whole-body vibration (WBV) induces reflex muscle activity and leads to increased muscle strength. However, little is known about the physiological mechanisms underlying the effects of whole-body vibration on muscular performance. Tonic vibration reflex is the most commonly cited mechanism to explain the effects of whole-body vibration on muscular performance, although there is no conclusive evidence that tonic vibration reflex occurs. The bone myoregulation reflex is another neurological mechanism used to explain the effects of vibration on muscular performance. Bone myoregulation reflex is defined as a reflex mechanism in which osteocytes exposed to cyclic mechanical loading induce muscle activity.
AIMS
The aim of this study was to assess whether bone tissue affected vibration-induced reflex muscle activity and vibration-induced muscle strength gain.
STUDY DESIGN
A prospective, randomised, controlled, double-blind, parallel-group clinical trial.
METHODS
Thirty-four participants were randomised into two groups. High-magnitude whole-body vibration was applied in the exercise group, whereas low-magnitude whole-body vibration exercises were applied in the control group throughout 20 sessions. Hip bone mineral density, isokinetic muscle strength, and plasma sclerostin levels were measured. The surface electromyography data were processed to obtain the Root Mean Squares, which were normalised by maximal voluntarily contraction.
RESULTS
In the exercise group, muscle strength increased in the right and left knee flexors (23.9%, p=0.004 and 27.5%, p<0.0001, respectively). However, no significant change was observed in the knee extensor muscle strength. There was no significant change in the knee muscle strength in the control group. The vibration-induced corrected Root Mean Squares of the semitendinosus muscle was decreased by 2.8 times (p=0.005) in the exercise group, whereas there was no change in the control group. Sclerostin index was decreased by 15.2% (p=0.031) in the exercise group and increased by 20.8% (p=0.028) in the control group. A change in the sclerostin index was an important predictor of a change in the vibration-induced normalised Root Mean Square of the semitendinosus muscle (R2=0.7, p=0.0001). Femoral neck bone mineral density was an important predictor of muscle strength gain (R2=0.26, p=0.035).
CONCLUSION
This study indicates that bone tissue may have an effect on vibration-induced muscle strength gain and vibration-induced reflex muscle activity.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01310348.
背景
全身振动（WBV）会引起反射性肌肉活动，从而导致肌肉力量增强。然而，关于全身振动对肌肉性能影响的生理机制知之甚少。紧张性振动反射是解释全身振动对肌肉性能影响的最常用机制，尽管没有确凿的证据表明紧张性振动反射的发生。骨肌调节反射是另一种用于解释振动对肌肉性能影响的神经机制。骨肌调节反射定义为一种反射机制，其中骨细胞暴露于周期性机械加载会引起肌肉活动。
目的
本研究旨在评估骨组织是否会影响振动引起的反射性肌肉活动和振动引起的肌肉力量增强。
研究设计
前瞻性、随机、对照、双盲、平行组临床试验。
方法
34 名参与者被随机分为两组。高强度全身振动应用于运动组，而低强度全身振动应用于对照组，共进行 20 次。测量髋关节骨密度、等速肌肉力量和血浆骨硬化蛋白水平。对表面肌电图数据进行处理以获得均方根，通过最大自主收缩进行归一化。
结果
在运动组中，右膝和左膝屈肌的肌肉力量增加（23.9%，p=0.004 和 27.5%，p<0.0001）。然而，膝伸肌的肌肉力量没有明显变化。对照组的膝关节肌肉力量没有变化。运动组半腱肌的振动校正均方根减少了 2.8 倍（p=0.005），而对照组没有变化。骨硬化蛋白指数下降 15.2%（p=0.031），对照组上升 20.8%（p=0.028）。骨硬化蛋白指数的变化是半腱肌振动诱导归一化均方根变化的重要预测因素（R2=0.7，p=0.0001）。股骨颈骨密度是肌肉力量增加的重要预测因素（R2=0.26，p=0.035）。
结论
本研究表明，骨组织可能对振动引起的肌肉力量增强和振动引起的反射性肌肉活动有影响。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov：NCT01310348。
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