Serra Mario R, Biassoni Ester C, Hinalaf María, Abraham Mónica, Pavlik Marta, Villalobo Jorge Pérez, Curet Carlos, Joekes Silvia, Yacci María R, Righetti Andrea
Centre for Research and Transfer in Acoustics (CINTRA), Unit Associated of CONICET, National Technological University (UTN), Cordoba Regional Faculty, Cordoba, Argentina.
Noise Health. 2014 Sep-Oct;16(72):320-30. doi: 10.4103/1463-1741.140512.
Adolescent exposure to loud music has become a social and health problem whose study demands a holistic approach. The aims of the current study are: (1) To detect early noise-induced hearing loss among adolescents and establish its relationship with their participation in musical recreational activities and (2) to determine sound immission levels in nightclubs and personal music players (PMPs). The participants consisted in 172 14-15 years old adolescents from a technical high school. Conventional and extended high frequency audiometry, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and questionnaire on recreational habits were administered. Hearing threshold levels (HTLs) were classified as: normal (Group 1), slightly shifted (Group 2), and significantly shifted (Group 3). The musical general exposure (MGE), from participation in recreational musical activities, was categorized in low, moderate, and high exposure. The results revealed an increase of HTL in Group 2 compared with Group 1 (P < 0.01), in Group 3 compared with Group 2 (P < 0.05) only in extended high frequency range, in Group 3 compared with Group 1 (P < 0.01). Besides, a decrease in mean global amplitude, reproducibility and in frequencies amplitude in Group 2 compared with Group 1 (P < 0.05) and in Group 3 compared with Group 1 (P < 0.05). A significant difference (P < 0.05) was found in Group 1's HTL between low and high exposure, showing higher HTL in high exposure. The sound immission measured in nightclubs (107.8-112.2) dBA and PMPs (82.9-104.6) dBA revealed sound levels risky for hearing health according to exposure times. It demonstrates the need to implement preventive and hearing health promoting actions in adolescents.
青少年接触 loud music 已成为一个社会和健康问题，对其进行研究需要采用整体方法。本研究的目的是：（1）检测青少年早期噪声性听力损失，并确定其与参与音乐娱乐活动之间的关系；（2）确定夜总会和个人音乐播放器（PMP）中的声暴露水平。参与者包括来自一所技术高中的172名14 - 15岁青少年。进行了常规和扩展高频听力测定、瞬态诱发耳声发射以及娱乐习惯问卷调查。听力阈值水平（HTLs）分为：正常（第1组）、轻度偏移（第2组）和显著偏移（第3组）。参与娱乐音乐活动的音乐总体暴露（MGE）分为低、中、高暴露。结果显示，与第1组相比，第2组的HTL有所增加（P < 0.01）；仅在扩展高频范围内，与第2组相比，第3组的HTL有所增加（P < 0.05），与第1组相比，第3组的HTL也有所增加（P < 0.01）。此外，与第1组相比，第2组的平均整体振幅、重复性以及频率振幅均有所降低（P < 0.05），与第1组相比，第3组也有类似情况（P < 0.05）。在第1组中，低暴露和高暴露之间的HTL存在显著差异（P < 0.05），高暴露时的HTL更高。在夜总会测量的声暴露（107.8 - 112.2）dBA以及在PMP中测量的声暴露（82.9 - 104.6）dBA显示，根据暴露时间，这些声级对听力健康有风险。这表明有必要在青少年中实施预防和促进听力健康的行动。 （注：loud music 可根据语境灵活翻译，比如“嘈杂音乐”等，但此处保留英文以便看出原文是否有特定指向，一般翻译时会结合具体语境调整）
