School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P,O, Box 7, Congella 4001, South Africa.
BMC Infect Dis. 2014 Sep 11;14:499. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-499.
It has been suggested that the proliferative capacity of cells from individuals with HIV or both HIV and helminth infections is attenuated and cytokine production is dysregulated. This study describes peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation capacity and cytokine profile from individuals with HIV or both HIV and helminth infections in South Africa.
Forty HIV-infected and 22 HIV-uninfected participants were randomly selected and stratified into different helminth infection phenotypes by egg excretion and Ascaris lumbricoides specific -immunoglobulin-E (IgE) levels. Five day cell cultures of participants, unstimulated or stimulated with Phytohaemaglutinnin, Streptokinase, HIV-1 p24 and Ascaris lumbricoides worm antigens were stained with monoclonal antibody-fluorochrome conjugates (Ki67-FITC and CTLA-APC-4). Percentage expression of Ki67 and CTLA-4 was measured to determine cell proliferation and regulation, respectively. Culture supernatants were analysed for the expression of 13 cytokines using the Bioplex (BioRad) system. Kruskal Wallis was used to test for differences in variables between helminth infected subgroups who were either having eggs in stool and high IgE (egg+IgEhi); or eggs in stool and low IgE (egg+IgElo); or no eggs in stool and high IgE (egg-IgEhi) and those without helminth infection (egg-IgElo).
Individuals excreting eggs in stool with high serum IgE (egg+IgEhi phenotype) had potent mitogen responses but consistently produced low, but statistically non-significant antigen-specific (HIV-1 p24 (p = 0.41) and Ascaris (p = 0.19) and recall antigen (Streptokinase; p = 0.31) Ki67 responses. The group also had reduced type 1 cytokines. Individuals excreting eggs in stool with low serum IgE( egg+IgElo phenotype) had a more favourable antiviral profile, characterized by higher IFNγ, IL-2, lower IL-4 and higher IL-10 production.
The findings suggest that dual HIV/helminth infection with egg excretion and/or high Ascaris IgE phenotye may be linked with poor proliferative capacity and deleterious cytokine profile with regards to HIV control.
有人提出，HIV 感染者或同时感染 HIV 和寄生虫的个体的细胞增殖能力减弱，细胞因子产生失调。本研究描述了南非 HIV 感染者或同时感染 HIV 和寄生虫的个体的外周血单核细胞增殖能力和细胞因子谱。
随机选择 40 名 HIV 感染者和 22 名 HIV 未感染者，并根据粪便卵排出量和蛔虫特异性免疫球蛋白 E（IgE）水平将其分层为不同的寄生虫感染表型。对参与者的 5 天细胞培养物进行刺激，使用植物血球凝集素、链激酶、HIV-1 p24 和蛔虫虫体抗原进行刺激，并用单克隆抗体-荧光染料缀合物（Ki67-FITC 和 CTLA-APC-4）染色。测量 Ki67 和 CTLA-4 的表达百分比，以分别确定细胞增殖和调节。使用 Bioplex（BioRad）系统分析培养上清液中 13 种细胞因子的表达。Kruskal Wallis 用于检验粪便中有卵且 IgE 水平高（egg+IgEhi）、粪便中有卵且 IgE 水平低（egg+IgElo）、粪便中无卵且 IgE 水平高（egg-IgEhi）的寄生虫感染亚组与无寄生虫感染的个体（egg-IgElo）之间变量的差异。
粪便中有卵且血清 IgE 水平高的个体（egg+IgEhi 表型）具有很强的有丝分裂原反应，但始终产生低但无统计学意义的抗原特异性（HIV-1 p24（p=0.41）和蛔虫（p=0.19）和回忆抗原（链激酶；p=0.31）Ki67 反应。该组还具有较低的 1 型细胞因子。粪便中有卵且血清 IgE 水平低的个体（egg+IgElo 表型）具有更有利的抗病毒特征，其特点是 IFNγ、IL-2 水平较高，IL-4 水平较低，IL-10 水平较高。
研究结果表明，同时感染 HIV 和寄生虫，伴有卵排出和/或高蛔虫 IgE 表型，可能与 HIV 控制方面的增殖能力减弱和细胞因子谱有害有关。
