Department of Ecotoxicology, Ecophysiology and Biodiversity of Aquatic Systems, ICMAN (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
Environ Sci Technol. 2014 Oct 21;48(20):11819-27. doi: 10.1021/es502958t. Epub 2014 Oct 7.
Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and derived nutrient (NO2(-), NO3(-), NH4(+), PO4(3-), and SiO2) and trace element (Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) loadings to the coastal sea were systematically assessed along the coast of Majorca Island, Spain, in a general survey around the island and in three representative coves during 2010. We estimated that brackish water discharges through the shoreline are important contributors to the DIN, SiO2, Fe, and Zn budgets of the nearshore waters. Furthermore, our results showed that SGD-derived elements are conditioned by the hydrogeological formations of the aquifer and discharge type. Thus, while rapid discharges through karstic conduits are enriched in SiO2 and Zn, the large detrital aquifers of the island typically present enhanced concentrations of Fe. The estimated total annual inputs of chemicals constituents discharged by SGD to the coastal waters were as follows: DIN: 610 × 10(3) kg yr(-1), SiO2: 1400 × 10(3) kg yr(-1), Fe: 3.2 × 10(3) kg yr(-1), and Zn: 2.0 × 10(3) kg yr(-1). Our results provide evidence that SGD is a major contributor to the dissolved pool of inorganic nutrients and trace metals in the nearshore waters of Majorca.
沿西班牙马略卡岛海岸，在全岛范围的一般调查和 2010 年三个有代表性的海湾中，系统评估了海底地下水排泄（SGD）及其衍生的营养物（NO2(-)、NO3(-)、NH4(+)、PO4(3-)和 SiO2）和微量元素（Cd、Co、Cu、Fe、Mo、Ni、Pb、V 和 Zn）负荷对沿海海域的影响。我们估计，通过海岸线的咸水排放是近岸水域 DIN、SiO2、Fe 和 Zn 预算的重要贡献者。此外，我们的结果表明，SGD 衍生元素受到含水层和排放类型的水文地质条件的影响。因此，虽然通过岩溶管道的快速排放富含 SiO2 和 Zn，但该岛的大型碎屑含水层通常表现出更高浓度的 Fe。通过 SGD 排放到沿海海域的化学物质的估计年总输入量如下：DIN：610×10(3)kg yr(-1)，SiO2：1400×10(3)kg yr(-1)，Fe：3.2×10(3)kg yr(-1)和 Zn：2.0×10(3)kg yr(-1)。我们的结果表明，SGD 是马略卡岛近岸海域无机营养物和痕量金属溶解池的主要贡献者。
