原水和包装饮用水中天然放射性核素的浓度及水处理的影响。
Concentration of natural radionuclides in raw water and packaged drinking water and the effect of water treatment.
作者信息
Manu Anitha, Santhanakrishnan V, Rajaram S, Ravi P M
机构信息
Environmental Survey Laboratory, Environmental Studies Section, Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam 603102, India.
Environmental Survey Laboratory, Environmental Studies Section, Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam 603102, India.
出版信息
J Environ Radioact. 2014 Dec;138:456-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.08.013. Epub 2014 Sep 13.
The raw water (RW) samples collected from natural sources are subjected to water treatment process, including reverse osmosis (RO), and are packed in bottles as packaged drinking water (PDW). Raw water (21 samples) taken from deep wells of Chennai and Secunderabad which are used in the production of PDW, were analysed for (234)U, (235)U, (238)U, (226)Ra, (228)Ra and (210)Pb activity concentrations. Activity Concentrations of (234)U, (235)U, (238)U, (226)Ra, (228)Ra, (210)Pb and (210)Po in PDW were also analysed. The mean activity concentrations of (234)U, (235)U, (238)U, (226)Ra, (228)Ra and (210)Pb in RW at Chennai were 12.1, ≤1.3, 7.1, 2.6, 27.5, and 16.3 mBq/L respectively. The mean activity concentrations of (234)U, (235)U, (238)U, (226)Ra, (228)Ra and (210)Pb in RW at Secunderabad were found to be 40.9, 1.7, 41.5 84.5, 100.1, and 17.0 mBq/L respectively. The mean concentrations of (234)U, (235)U, (238)U, (226)Ra, (228)Ra, (210)Pb and (210)Po in PDW at Chennai were found to be ≤1.3, ≤1.3, ≤1.3, ≤0.2, ≤1.7, 28.0 and 1.2 mBq/L at Secunderabad were found to be ≤1.3, ≤1.3, 1.7, 4.3, 5.0 and 28.1 mBq/L. The study indicated a considerable reduction in the concentration of natural radionuclides due to water treatment. The reduction ratios of RW to PDW for (234)U, (238)U, (226)Ra, (228)Ra were 97, 96, 94 and 95%. In case of (210)Pb, the PDW showed higher concentration of (210)Pb than RW. This was due to its in growth from (222)Rn which was not removed in the RO process.
从天然水源采集的原水（RW）样本要经过包括反渗透（RO）在内的水处理过程，然后装入瓶中作为包装饮用水（PDW）。对取自钦奈和塞康德拉巴德用于生产PDW的深井的原水（21个样本）进行了（234）U、（235）U、（238）U、（226）Ra、（228）Ra和（210）Pb活度浓度分析。还分析了PDW中（234）U、（235）U、（238）U、（226）Ra、（228）Ra、（210）Pb和（210）Po的活度浓度。钦奈原水中（234）U、（235）U、（238）U、（226）Ra、（228）Ra和（210）Pb的平均活度浓度分别为12.1、≤1.3、7.1、2.6、27.5和16.3 mBq/L。塞康德拉巴德原水中（234）U、（235）U、（238）U、（226）Ra、（228）Ra和（210）Pb的平均活度浓度分别为40.9、1.7、41.5、84.5、100.1和17.0 mBq/L。钦奈PDW中（234）U、（235）U、（238）U、（226）Ra、（228）Ra、（210）Pb和（210）Po平均浓度分别为≤1.3、≤1.3、≤1.3、≤0.2、≤1.7、28.0和1.2 mBq/L；塞康德拉巴德的分别为≤1.3、≤1.3、1.7、4.3、5.0和28.1 mBq/L。该研究表明，由于水处理，天然放射性核素浓度大幅降低。（234）U、（238）U、（226）Ra、（228）Ra从原水到包装饮用水的降低率分别为97%、96%、94%和95%。对于（210）Pb，包装饮用水中（210）Pb的浓度高于原水。这是由于其由（222）Rn生成，而（222）Rn在反渗透过程中未被去除。
Zotero 插件