Bazer Fuller W, Wu Guoyao, Johnson Gregory A, Wang Xiaoqiu
Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.
Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2014 Dec;398(1-2):53-68. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.09.007. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
Uterine adenogenesis, a unique post-natal event in mammals, is vulnerable to endocrine disruption by estrogens and progestins resulting in infertility or reduced prolificacy. The absence of uterine glands results in insufficient transport of nutrients into the uterine lumen to support conceptus development. Arginine, a component of histotroph, is substrate for production of nitric oxide, polyamines and agmatine and, with secreted phosphoprotein 1, it affects cytoskeletal organization of trophectoderm. Arginine is critical for development of the conceptus, pregnancy recognition signaling, implantation and placentation. Conceptuses of ungulates and cetaceans convert glucose to fructose which is metabolized via multiple pathways to support growth and development. However, high fructose corn syrup in soft drinks and foods may increase risks for metabolic disorders and increase insulin resistance in adults. Understanding endocrine disrupters and dietary substances, and novel pathways for nutrient metabolism during pregnancy can improve survival and growth, and prevent chronic metabolic diseases in offspring.
子宫腺生成是哺乳动物特有的出生后事件，易受雌激素和孕激素的内分泌干扰，导致不孕或繁殖力下降。子宫腺的缺失会导致营养物质向子宫腔的运输不足，从而无法支持胚胎发育。精氨酸是组织营养物的组成成分，是一氧化氮、多胺和胍丁胺产生的底物，并且与分泌磷蛋白1一起，影响滋养外胚层的细胞骨架组织。精氨酸对胚胎发育、妊娠识别信号、着床和胎盘形成至关重要。有蹄类动物和鲸类动物的胚胎将葡萄糖转化为果糖，果糖通过多种途径代谢以支持生长和发育。然而，软饮料和食品中的高果糖玉米糖浆可能会增加代谢紊乱的风险，并增加成年人的胰岛素抵抗。了解内分泌干扰物和饮食物质，以及孕期营养代谢的新途径，可以提高后代的存活率和生长，并预防慢性代谢疾病。
