Neurobiol Dis. 2014 Dec;72 Pt B:193-7. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.08.033.
A patient's hormonal milieu contributes to the timing of emergence of several epilepsy syndromes that are known to begin at puberty and recede with the end of reproductive potential. One's hormonal balance at any particular moment contributes to seizure occurrence in both men and women. The best studied condition, catamenial epilepsy, refers to seizure clusters occurring in a cyclical pattern related to menses. Treatment of epilepsy using hormones complements standard antiepileptic therapy and its use will be reviewed, along with some other medications unique to catamenial epilepsy, such as diuretics.Seizures and “silent” epileptiform discharges in turn affect the hypothalamic pituitary axis and can cause release of hormones at inappropriate times leading to sexual dysfunction, menstrual irregularity, infertility and premature termination of reproductive states. Combined with psychological consequences of epilepsy, this sexual dysfunction has deleterious effects on the quality of life in patients and their partners.
患者的激素环境有助于确定几种癫痫综合征的发作时间，这些综合征已知在青春期开始并随着生殖潜力的结束而消退。在任何特定时刻，一个人的激素平衡都会导致男性和女性的癫痫发作。研究最多的情况是月经性癫痫，指的是与月经相关的周期性发作的癫痫发作群。使用激素治疗癫痫可以补充标准的抗癫痫治疗，我们将回顾其使用情况，以及一些其他专门用于月经性癫痫的药物，如利尿剂。癫痫发作和“无声”癫痫样放电反过来又会影响下丘脑-垂体轴，并可能导致激素在不合适的时间释放，从而导致性功能障碍、月经不规律、不孕和生殖状态过早终止。再加上癫痫的心理后果，这种性功能障碍对患者及其伴侣的生活质量产生不利影响。
