Calamaro Shira, Jarosz Gaja
Department of Linguistics, Yale University.
Cogn Sci. 2015 Apr;39(3):647-66. doi: 10.1111/cogs.12167. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
Phonological rules create alternations in the phonetic realizations of related words. These rules must be learned by infants in order to identify the phonological inventory, the morphological structure, and the lexicon of a language. Recent work proposes a computational model for the learning of one kind of phonological alternation, allophony (Peperkamp, Le Calvez, Nadal, & Dupoux, 2006). This paper extends the model to account for learning of a broader set of phonological alternations and the formalization of these alternations as general rules. In Experiment 1, we apply the original model to new data in Dutch and demonstrate its limitations in learning nonallophonic rules. In Experiment 2, we extend the model to allow it to learn general rules for alternations that apply to a class of segments. In Experiment 3, the model is further extended to allow for generalization by context; we argue that this generalization must be constrained by linguistic principles.
音系规则会在相关单词的语音实现中产生交替现象。婴儿必须学习这些规则，以便识别一种语言的音系库、形态结构和词汇。最近的研究提出了一种用于学习一种音系交替——异音（佩珀坎普、勒卡尔韦兹、纳达尔和迪普克斯，2006年）的计算模型。本文扩展了该模型，以解释更广泛的音系交替的学习，并将这些交替形式化为通用规则。在实验1中，我们将原始模型应用于荷兰语的新数据，并证明其在学习非异音规则方面的局限性。在实验2中，我们扩展了该模型，使其能够学习适用于一类音段的交替的通用规则。在实验3中，该模型进一步扩展以允许根据语境进行泛化；我们认为这种泛化必须受到语言原则的约束。
