Haefeli Mathias, Calcagni Maurizio
Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Handchirurgie, Universitätsspital Zürich.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 2014 Sep 17;103(19):1133-9. doi: 10.1024/1661-8157/a001783.
Spastic hemiplegia and cerebral palsy often lead to typical deformities of the upper extremity. Muscle- and joint-contractures may be painful and aesthetically unappealing and may interfere with function and hygiene. Within the first weeks after the cerebral incidence the vital threat is dominating and the exact amount of neurologic impairment is not assessable. During this period, conservative treatment should counteract the development of contractures. After spontaneous neurologic recovery, surgical options should be taken into account. When choosing surgical procedures, factors as volitional motor control, sensibility and cognition must be taken into account besides the morphologic changes. This is best achieved in a multidisciplinary setting of neurologists, rehabilitation specialists, physiotherapists and surgeons.
痉挛性偏瘫和脑瘫常导致上肢出现典型畸形。肌肉和关节挛缩可能会引起疼痛且影响美观,还可能妨碍功能和卫生。在脑部发病后的最初几周内,主要威胁是生命,且无法评估神经功能损害的确切程度。在此期间,保守治疗应防止挛缩的发展。在神经功能自发恢复后,应考虑手术治疗方案。选择手术方法时,除形态学改变外,还必须考虑自主运动控制、感觉和认知等因素。这在神经科医生、康复专家、物理治疗师和外科医生的多学科协作环境中能得到最佳实现。