Huenges Bert, Gulich Markus, Böhme Klaus, Fehr Folkert, Streitlein-Böhme Irmgard, Rüttermann Viktor, Baum Erika, Niebling Wilhelm-Bernhard, Rusche Herbert
Universität Bochum, Abteilung für Allgemeinmedizin, Bochum, Deutschland.
Universität Ulm, Abteilung Allgemeinmedizin, Ulm, Deutschland.
GMS Z Med Ausbild. 2014 Aug 15;31(3):Doc35. doi: 10.3205/zma000927. eCollection 2014.
During their studies to become medical professionals, all students are obliged to become familiar with various aspects of primary care. The aim is to provide all students with a high quality training which ensures the best possible cooperation across all sectors of the medical system. Primary care comprises the primary use of the medical service by an unfiltered set of patients as well as continued patient care--including home-care. This position paper was developed together with representatives of the German Society of University Teachers of General Practice (GHA), the German Society for Ambulatory General Paediatrics (DGAAP), the German Society of General Practice and Family Medicine (DEGAM) and the German Society for Internal Medicine (DGIM). It includes recommendations for teaching in the field of primary care in four different types of internships such as preclinical work experience ("Hospitation"), 4-week clinical traineeships of a casual nature ("Famulatur") and 2-week courses of structured and assessed clinical training ("Blockpraktikum") as well as a broad-based 4-month elective clinical placement in the final year (known as a practical year, "PJ"). The recommendations encompass structural and process criteria for internships in different general practices. In addition, for the first time recommendations for teaching on campus--in the fields of general medicine, paediatrics, numerous cross-sectional areas and other clinical fields, but also for clinical skills training--are set down here. In this position paper the intention is to demonstrate the possible ways in which more aspects of primary care could be integrated into undergraduate medical training.
在成为医学专业人员的学习过程中，所有学生都必须熟悉初级保健的各个方面。目的是为所有学生提供高质量的培训，以确保在医疗系统的各个部门实现尽可能好的合作。初级保健包括未经筛选的患者群体对医疗服务的初次使用以及持续的患者护理，包括家庭护理。本立场文件是与德国全科大学教师协会（GHA）、德国门诊全科儿科学会（DGAAP）、德国全科与家庭医学协会（DEGAM）以及德国内科医学协会（DGIM）的代表共同制定的。它包括针对四种不同类型实习中初级保健领域教学的建议，例如临床前工作经验（“见习”）、为期4周的临时临床实习（“实习医生助手工作”）和为期2周的结构化且有评估的临床培训课程（“集中实习”），以及最后一年为期4个月的广泛的选修临床实习（称为实习年，“PJ”）。这些建议涵盖了不同全科医疗实习的结构和过程标准。此外，这里首次提出了关于校园教学的建议，涉及普通医学、儿科学、众多交叉领域和其他临床领域，也包括临床技能培训。在本立场文件中，旨在展示将初级保健的更多方面纳入本科医学培训的可能方式。
