*Infectious Disease and International Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH; and †Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014 Dec 15;67(5):569-72. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000352.
We compared macronutrient intake, food insecurity, and anthropometrics in breastfeeding women: 40 HIV-positive women not yet on antiretroviral therapy and 40 HIV-negative women. Calculated deficits at 2 weeks were 517 kcal per day for HIV-positive women vs 87 kcal per day surplus for HIV-negative women (P = 0.01) and 29 g protein per day for HIV-positive women vs 16 g protein per day for HIV-negative women (P = 0.04). Food insecurity scores were 11.3 for HIV-positive women vs 7.8 for HIV-negative women (P < 0.01). Enhanced dietary education together with macronutrient supplementation may be required to improve health outcomes in HIV-positive women and their infants.
我们比较了母乳喂养妇女的宏量营养素摄入、食物不安全状况和人体测量指标：40 名尚未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的 HIV 阳性妇女和 40 名 HIV 阴性妇女。HIV 阳性妇女在第 2 周的计算亏损为每天 517 卡路里，而 HIV 阴性妇女每天盈余 87 卡路里（P = 0.01），HIV 阳性妇女每天 29 克蛋白质，而 HIV 阴性妇女每天 16 克蛋白质（P = 0.04）。HIV 阳性妇女的食物不安全评分是 11.3，而 HIV 阴性妇女的评分是 7.8（P < 0.01）。需要加强对 HIV 阳性妇女及其婴儿的饮食教育和宏量营养素补充，以改善健康结果。
