Yorzinski Jessica L
Duke Institute for Brain Sciences and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2014 Feb;135(2):942-52. doi: 10.1121/1.4861340.
Animals emit vocalizations that convey information about external events. Many of these vocalizations, including those emitted in response to predators, also encode information about the individual that produced the call. The relationship between acoustic features of antipredator calls and information relating to signalers (including sex, identity, body size, and social rank) were examined in peafowl (Pavo cristatus). The "bu-girk" antipredator calls of male and female peafowl were recorded and 20 acoustic parameters were automatically extracted from each call. Both the bu and girk elements of the antipredator call were individually distinctive and calls were classified to the correct signaler with over 90% and 70% accuracy in females and males, respectively. Females produced calls with a higher fundamental frequency (F0) than males. In both females and males, body size was negatively correlated with F0. In addition, peahen rank was related to the duration, end mean frequency, and start harmonicity of the bu element. Peafowl antipredator calls contain detailed information about the signaler and can potentially be used by receivers to respond to dangerous situations.
动物发出的声音能够传达有关外部事件的信息。其中许多声音，包括那些对捕食者做出反应时发出的声音，也编码了发出叫声的个体的信息。在孔雀（孔雀属）中研究了反捕食者叫声的声学特征与信号发出者相关信息（包括性别、身份、体型和社会等级）之间的关系。记录了雄性和雌性孔雀的“bu - girk”反捕食者叫声，并从每个叫声中自动提取了20个声学参数。反捕食者叫声的“bu”和“girk”元素各自都有独特之处，并且叫声分别以超过90%和70%的准确率被分类到正确的信号发出者，雌性准确率更高。雌性发出的叫声基频（F0）高于雄性。在雌性和雄性中，体型与F0均呈负相关。此外，雌孔雀的等级与“bu”元素的持续时间、末端平均频率和起始谐波性有关。孔雀的反捕食者叫声包含有关信号发出者的详细信息，并且接收者可能会利用这些信息来应对危险情况。
