Lyell Veronica, Henderson Emily, Devine Mark, Gregson Celia
Older People's Unit, Royal United Hospital Bath NHS Trust, Combe Park, Bath BA1 3NG, UK.
School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Age Ageing. 2015 Jan;44(1):34-41. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afu122. Epub 2014 Sep 18.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with substantially increased fracture risk, particularly hip fracture, which can occur relatively early in the course of PD. Despite this, current national clinical guidelines for PD fail to adequately address fracture risk assessment or the management of bone health. We appraise the evidence supporting bone health management in PD and propose a PD-specific algorithm for the fracture risk assessment and the management of bone health in patients with PD and related movement disorders. The algorithm considers (i) calcium and vitamin D replacement and maintenance, (ii) quantification of prior falls and fractures, (iii) calculation of 10-year major osteoporotic and hip fracture risks using Qfracture, (iv) application of fracture risk thresholds, which if fracture risk is high (v) prompts anti-resorptive treatment, with or without dual X-ray absorptiometry, and if low (vi) prompts re-assessment with FRAX and application of National Osteoporosis Guidelines Group (NOGG) guidance. A range of anti-resorptive agents are now available to treat osteoporosis; we review their use from the specific perspective of a clinician managing a patient population with PD. In conclusion, our current evidence base supports updating of guidelines globally concerning the management of PD, which presently fail to adequately address bone health.
帕金森病(PD)与骨折风险大幅增加相关,尤其是髋部骨折,其可能在PD病程中相对较早出现。尽管如此,当前国家PD临床指南未能充分解决骨折风险评估或骨骼健康管理问题。我们评估了支持PD患者骨骼健康管理的证据,并提出了一种针对PD及相关运动障碍患者的骨折风险评估和骨骼健康管理的特定算法。该算法考虑以下几点:(i)钙和维生素D的补充与维持;(ii)既往跌倒和骨折情况的量化;(iii)使用Qfracture计算10年主要骨质疏松性骨折和髋部骨折风险;(iv)应用骨折风险阈值,若骨折风险高(v)则促使进行抗吸收治疗,无论是否进行双能X线吸收测定,若风险低(vi)则促使使用FRAX重新评估并应用国家骨质疏松症指南小组(NOGG)的指导意见。现在有一系列抗吸收药物可用于治疗骨质疏松症;我们从管理PD患者群体的临床医生的特定角度回顾它们的使用情况。总之,我们目前的证据基础支持全球范围内更新关于PD管理的指南,目前这些指南未能充分解决骨骼健康问题。