Guljé Felix L, Raghoebar Gerry M, Vissink Arjan, Meijer Henny J A
Eur J Oral Implantol. 2014 Autumn;7(3):247-55.
The aim of this randomised controlled trial was to assess the clinical performance of single crowns in the posterior maxilla supported by either 6-mm or 11-mm implants combined with maxillary sinus floor elevation.
41 consecutive patients with one missing premolar or molar in the posterior maxilla and with an estimated bone height of 6 to 8 mm in that area were included. Each patient was randomly allocated to one of the two treatment groups, namely to receive an 11-mm implant (Osseo Speed 4.0 S, Dentsply Implants, Mölndal, Sweden) in combination with maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery or to receive a 6-mm implant (Osseo Speed 4.0 S) without any grafting. After a 3-month osseointegration period, all implants were restored with custom-made titanium abutments and cemented zirconia-based porcelain crowns. Outcome measures were: implant survival; radiographic bone changes; plaque accumulation; bleeding tendency; peri-implant inflammation; presence of dental calculus; biological and technical complications; and patients' satisfaction. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed at placement of the crown and 12 months thereafter. Patients' satisfaction was scored before treatment and after 12 months of functioning of the crown.
One patient of the 11 mm implant group died during the follow-up. No implant failed and no biological or technical complications occurred. From loading to the 12 months follow-up, no difference was found in mean marginal bone changes between the groups (bone resorption in both groups 0.1 ± 0.3 mm). Clinical items revealed very healthy peri-implant soft tissues in both groups. Patients' satisfaction scores were high in both groups.
6-mm implants and 11-mm implants combined with sinus floor elevation surgery are equally successful to support a single crown in the resorbed posterior maxilla after 1-year follow-up.
本随机对照试验的目的是评估在上颌后牙区使用6毫米或11毫米种植体并结合上颌窦底提升术支持的单冠的临床性能。
纳入41例上颌后牙区有一颗前磨牙或磨牙缺失且该区域估计骨高度为6至8毫米的连续患者。每位患者被随机分配到两个治疗组之一，即接受11毫米种植体（Osseo Speed 4.0 S，登士柏种植体公司，瑞典莫恩达尔）并结合上颌窦底提升手术，或接受6毫米种植体（Osseo Speed 4.0 S）且不进行任何植骨。在3个月的骨结合期后，所有种植体均用定制的钛基台和粘结的氧化锆基瓷冠进行修复。观察指标包括：种植体存留率；影像学骨变化；菌斑堆积；出血倾向；种植体周围炎症；牙结石的存在；生物学和技术并发症；以及患者满意度。在冠修复时及之后12个月进行临床和影像学检查。在治疗前和冠功能运行12个月后对患者满意度进行评分。
11毫米种植体组有1例患者在随访期间死亡。没有种植体失败，也没有发生生物学或技术并发症。从加载到12个月随访，两组之间的平均边缘骨变化没有差异（两组骨吸收均为0.1±0.3毫米）。临床项目显示两组种植体周围软组织均非常健康。两组患者的满意度评分都很高。
经过1年随访，6毫米种植体和11毫米种植体结合窦底提升手术在支持上颌后牙区吸收后的单冠方面同样成功。
