Skogen Jens Christoffer, Sivertsen Børge, Lundervold Astri J, Stormark Kjell Morten, Jakobsen Reidar, Hysing Mari
Division of Mental Health, Department of Public Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Uni Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway.
Division of Mental Health, Department of Public Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway Department of Psychiatry, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway Uni Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway.
BMJ Open. 2014 Sep 22;4(9):e005357. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005357.
The use of alcohol and drugs is prevalent among adolescents, but too little is known about the association between debut of alcohol and drug use, problematic use and concurrent mental health. The aim of the study was to investigate the cross-sectional association between debut of any alcohol or drug use and alcohol-related and drug-related problems and mental health. We also wanted to examine potential interactions between gender and age, and alcohol-related and drug-related variables.
Cross-sectional study.
Population-based sample of Norwegian adolescents.
Data stem from the large population-based ung@hordaland study (N=9203), where all adolescents aged 17-19 years living in Hordaland county (Norway) were invited to participate. The main independent variables were debut of alcohol and drug use, alcohol consumption and the presence of alcohol and drug problems as measured by CRAFFT.
The dependent variables were self-reported symptoms of anxiety, depression, inattention and hyperactivity. Statistical analyses included logistic regression models.
Debut of alcohol and drug use were associated with symptoms of depression, inattention and hyperactivity (crude ORs 1.69-2.38, p<0.001), while only debut of drug use was associated with increased symptoms of anxiety (OR=1.33, CI 95% 1.05 to 1.68, p=0.017). Alcohol-related and drug-related problems as measured by CRAFFT were associated with all mental health problems (crude ORs 1.68-3.24, p<0.001). There was little evidence of any substantial age or gender confounding on the estimated associations between alcohol-related and drug-related measures and mental health problems.
Early debut of alcohol and drug use and drug problems is consistently associated with more symptoms of mental health problems, indicating that these factors are an important general indicator of mental health in adolescence.
青少年中酒精和药物使用很普遍，但对于酒精和药物使用初次出现、问题性使用与并发心理健康之间的关联了解甚少。本研究的目的是调查任何酒精或药物使用初次出现与酒精相关和药物相关问题及心理健康之间的横断面关联。我们还想检验性别与年龄以及酒精相关和药物相关变量之间的潜在相互作用。
横断面研究。
基于挪威青少年人群的样本。
数据来源于大型基于人群的ung@hordaland研究（N = 9203），该研究邀请了居住在挪威霍达兰郡所有17 - 19岁的青少年参与。主要自变量为酒精和药物使用的初次出现、酒精消费以及通过CRAFFT测量的酒精和药物问题的存在情况。
因变量为自我报告的焦虑、抑郁、注意力不集中和多动症状。统计分析包括逻辑回归模型。
酒精和药物使用的初次出现与抑郁、注意力不集中和多动症状相关（粗比值比1.69 - 2.38，p < 0.001），而只有药物使用的初次出现与焦虑症状增加相关（比值比 = 1.33，95%置信区间1.05至1.68，p = 0.017）。通过CRAFFT测量的酒精相关和药物相关问题与所有心理健康问题相关（粗比值比1.68 - 3.24，p < 0.001）。几乎没有证据表明年龄或性别对酒精相关和药物相关测量与心理健康问题之间的估计关联有实质性混杂作用。
酒精和药物使用的早期初次出现以及药物问题始终与更多的心理健康问题症状相关，表明这些因素是青少年心理健康的一个重要总体指标。
