Section of Human Physiology and Clinical Dietetic Service, Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples Naples, Italy.
Faculty of Motor Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples Naples, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2014 Sep 8;5:997. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00997. eCollection 2014.
It is extremely important for the health to understand the regulatory mechanisms of energy expenditure. These regulatory mechanisms play a central role in the pathogenesis of body weight alteration. The hypothalamus integrates nutritional information derived from all peripheral organs. This region of the brain controls hormonal secretions and neural pathways of the brainstem. Orexin-A is a hypothalamic neuropeptide involved in the regulation of feeding behavior, sleep-wakefulness rhythm, and neuroendocrine homeostasis. This neuropeptide is involved in the control of the sympathetic activation, blood pressure, metabolic status, and blood glucose level. This minireview focuses on relationship between the sympathetic nervous system and orexin-A in the control of eating behavior and energy expenditure. The "thermoregulatory hypothesis" of food intake is analyzed, underlining the role played by orexin-A in the control of food intake related to body temperature. Furthermore, the paradoxical eating behavior induced orexin-A is illustrated in this minireview.
了解能量消耗的调节机制对健康极为重要。这些调节机制在体重改变的发病机制中起着核心作用。下丘脑整合来自所有外周器官的营养信息。大脑的这一区域控制着激素的分泌和脑干的神经通路。食欲素-A 是一种参与调节进食行为、睡眠-觉醒节律和神经内分泌稳态的下丘脑神经肽。这种神经肽参与控制交感神经激活、血压、代谢状态和血糖水平。这篇迷你综述重点介绍了交感神经系统与食欲素-A 在控制进食行为和能量消耗方面的关系。分析了“体温调节假说”与进食的关系，强调了食欲素-A 在控制与体温相关的进食行为中的作用。此外，本文还阐述了食欲素-A 诱导的矛盾性进食行为。
