Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; email:
Annu Rev Genet. 2014;48:519-35. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120213-092532. Epub 2014 Sep 19.
Recombination allows different parts of the genome to have different genealogical histories. When a species splits in two, allelic lineages sort into the two descendant species, and this lineage sorting varies along the genome. If speciation events are close in time, the lineage sorting process may be incomplete at the second speciation event and lead to gene genealogies that do not match the species phylogeny. We review different recent approaches to model lineage sorting along the genome and show how it is possible to learn about population sizes, natural selection, and recombination rates in ancestral species from application of these models to genome alignments of great ape species.
重组允许基因组的不同部分具有不同的系统发育历史。当一个物种分裂成两个时，等位基因谱系会分配到两个后裔物种中，并且这种谱系分配沿着基因组而变化。如果物种形成事件时间接近，谱系分配过程在第二次物种形成事件中可能不完全，导致基因谱系与物种系统发育不符。我们回顾了不同的近期方法来对基因组上的谱系分配进行建模，并展示了如何通过将这些模型应用于大猿物种的基因组比对，来了解祖先物种的种群大小、自然选择和重组率。
