紧急避孕综述：面向临床医生的循证推荐意见
Emergency contraception review: evidence-based recommendations for clinicians.
作者信息
Cleland Kelly, Raymond Elizabeth G, Westley Elizabeth, Trussell James
机构信息
*Office of Population Research, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey †Gynuity Health Projects ‡Family Care International, New York, New York.
出版信息
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Dec;57(4):741-50. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000056.
Abstract
Several options for emergency contraception are available in the United States. This article describes each method, including efficacy, mode of action, safety, side effect profile, and availability. The most effective emergency contraceptive is the copper intrauterine device (IUD), followed by ulipristal acetate and levonorgestrel pills. Levonorgestrel is available for sale without restrictions, whereas ulipristal acetate is available with prescription only, and the copper IUD must be inserted by a clinician. Although EC pills have not been shown to reduce pregnancy or abortion rates at the population level, they are an important option for individual women seeking to prevent pregnancy after sex.
摘要
在美国，有几种紧急避孕的选择。本文介绍了每种方法，包括有效性、作用方式、安全性、副作用情况和可获得性。最有效的紧急避孕药是铜宫内节育器（IUD），其次是醋酸乌利司他和左炔诺孕酮片。左炔诺孕酮可无限制销售，而醋酸乌利司他仅凭处方可得，铜IUD必须由临床医生插入。尽管紧急避孕药在人群层面尚未显示能降低怀孕或堕胎率，但对于寻求在性行为后预防怀孕的个体女性而言，它们是重要的选择。
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