Di Beneditto Ana Paula Madeira, Awabdi Danielle Rodrigues
Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, CBB, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2.000, Campos, RJ 28013-600, Brazil.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2014 Nov 15;88(1-2):86-90. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.09.020. Epub 2014 Sep 23.
The marine debris ingested by megafauna species (Trichiurus lepturus, Chelonia mydas, Pontoporia blainvillei, and Sotalia guianensis) was recorded in a coastal area of southeastern Brazil (21-23°S). Marine debris was recorded in all species, mainly consisting of plastic material (flexible and hard plastics - clear, white, and colored- and nylon filaments). The 'pelagic predators' T. lepturus and S. guianesis showed the lowest percent frequencies of debris ingestion (0.7% and 1.3%, respectively), followed by the 'benthic predator' P. blainvillei (15.7%) and the 'benthic herbivorous C. mydas (59.2%). The debris found in C. mydas stomachs was opportunistically ingested during feeding activities on local macroalgal banks. In the study area, the benthic environment accumulates more anthropogenic debris than the pelagic environment, and benthic/demersal feeders are more susceptible to encounters and ingestion. The sub-lethal effects observed in C. mydas, such as intestinal obstruction due to hardened fecal material, should be considered a local conservation concern.
在巴西东南部沿海地区（南纬21 - 23°）记录了大型动物物种（蓝点马鲛、绿海龟、弗氏海豚和圭亚那小海豚）摄入的海洋垃圾。在所有物种中都记录到了海洋垃圾，主要由塑料材料（软塑料和硬塑料——透明、白色和彩色的以及尼龙丝）组成。“远洋捕食者”蓝点马鲛和圭亚那小海豚的垃圾摄入频率百分比最低（分别为0.7%和1.3%），其次是“底栖捕食者”弗氏海豚（15.7%）和“底栖食草动物”绿海龟（59.2%）。在绿海龟胃中发现的垃圾是在其以当地大型海藻床为食的活动中偶然摄入的。在研究区域，底栖环境比远洋环境积累了更多的人为垃圾，底栖/底层摄食者更容易遇到并摄入垃圾。在绿海龟身上观察到的亚致死效应，如因粪便物质硬化导致的肠梗阻，应被视为当地的保护问题。
