Klüter Tim, Fitschen-Oestern Stefanie, Lippross Sebastian, Weuster Matthias, Mentlein Rolf, Steubesand Nadine, Neunaber Claudia, Hildebrand Frank, Pufe Thomas, Tohidnezhad Mersedeh, Beyer Andreas, Seekamp Andreas, Varoga Deike
Department of Trauma Surgery, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
Department of Anatomy, University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 8, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
Mediators Inflamm. 2014;2014:303106. doi: 10.1155/2014/303106. Epub 2014 Aug 31.
The antimicrobial peptide lysozyme is an important factor of innate immunity and exerts high potential of antibacterial activity. In the present study we evaluated the lysozyme expression in serum of multiple injured patients and subsequently analyzed their possible sources and signaling pathways. Expression of lysozyme was examined in blood samples of multiple trauma patients from the day of trauma until 14 days after trauma by ELISA. To investigate major sources of lysozyme, its expression and regulation in serum samples, different blood cells, and tissue samples were analysed by ELISA and real-time PCR. Neutrophils and hepatocytes were stimulated with cytokines and supernatant of Staphylococcus aureus. The present study demonstrates the induction and release of lysozyme in serum of multiple injured patients. The highest lysozyme expression of all tested cells and tissues was detected in neutrophils. Stimulation with trauma-related factors such as interleukin-6 and S. aureus induced lysozyme expression. Liver tissue samples of patients without trauma show little lysozyme expression compared to neutrophils. After stimulation with bacterial fragments, lysozyme expression of hepatocytes is upregulated significantly. Toll-like receptor 2, a classic receptor of Gram-positive bacterial protein, was detected as a possible target for lysozyme induction.
抗菌肽溶菌酶是天然免疫的一个重要因素，具有很高的抗菌活性潜力。在本研究中，我们评估了多发伤患者血清中溶菌酶的表达情况，并随后分析了其可能的来源和信号通路。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测多发伤患者从创伤当天至创伤后14天血液样本中溶菌酶的表达。为了研究溶菌酶的主要来源，通过ELISA和实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）分析其在血清样本、不同血细胞和组织样本中的表达及调控情况。用细胞因子和金黄色葡萄球菌上清液刺激中性粒细胞和肝细胞。本研究证明了多发伤患者血清中溶菌酶的诱导和释放。在所有检测的细胞和组织中，中性粒细胞中的溶菌酶表达最高。用白细胞介素-6和金黄色葡萄球菌等与创伤相关的因素刺激可诱导溶菌酶表达。与中性粒细胞相比，未受创伤患者的肝组织样本中溶菌酶表达很少。用细菌片段刺激后，肝细胞的溶菌酶表达显著上调。Toll样受体2，一种革兰氏阳性细菌蛋白的经典受体，被检测为溶菌酶诱导的可能靶点。
