Boberiene Liepa V, Hornback Bradley J
American Orthopsychiatric Association.
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2014 Sep;84(5):439-46. doi: 10.1037/h0099862.
The extraordinary demands of recent wars have increased burdens on many military families and existing systems of care. The sacrifices made by service members are made also by their children and families, and these sacrifices can have long-term consequences. Therefore, military children and families cannot go unrecognized and unsupported. Policy responses should be less about diagnosing and treating individuals and more about recognizing and supporting families' and communities' resilience in the face of wartime deployment. Policy should focus on identifying military children in diverse communities and supporting them where they live, learn, and receive care. A range of community-based prevention strategies could decrease stress before it escalates into serious mental health issues. Efforts to develop family resilience during deployment and reintegration are extremely important in facilitating children's healthy development and veterans' recovery. Military personnel should partner with community leaders to implement effective programs providing emotional, social, and practical support to families. Emphasizing family cohesion, community social support, and comprehensive programs through education and health care organizations would go a long way in fostering families' resilience. At the same time, pro- grams should be monitored and evaluated, and military and civilian researchers should share data on family risk and resilience to improve evidence- based approaches. Such efforts would benefit not only military children, but also larger populations as programs improve family and community capacity to support thriving and mitigate challenges in the face of adversity.
近期战争的特殊需求增加了许多军人家庭和现有照料体系的负担。军人做出牺牲的同时，他们的子女和家庭也在做出牺牲，而这些牺牲可能会产生长期影响。因此，军人子女和家庭不能被忽视，也不能得不到支持。政策应对措施不应仅仅着眼于诊断和治疗个体，而应更多地关注认可和支持家庭及社区在战时部署面前的复原力。政策应侧重于在不同社区识别军人子女，并在他们生活、学习和接受照料的地方为其提供支持。一系列基于社区的预防策略可以在压力升级为严重心理健康问题之前减轻压力。在部署和重新融入期间培养家庭复原力的努力对于促进儿童的健康发展和退伍军人的康复极为重要。军事人员应与社区领袖合作，实施有效的项目，为家庭提供情感、社会和实际支持。通过教育和医疗保健组织强调家庭凝聚力、社区社会支持和综合项目，将大大有助于培养家庭的复原力。与此同时，应对项目进行监测和评估，军事和 civilian 研究人员应分享有关家庭风险和复原力的数据，以改进基于证据的方法。这些努力不仅将使军人子女受益，而且随着项目提高家庭和社区在面对逆境时支持繁荣发展和应对挑战的能力，也将使更多人群受益。 （注：原文中“civilian”未翻译，推测可能是有拼写错误，若为“civil”，可译为“民间的” ）
