Tsega E, Horton J, Nordenfelt E, Hansson B G, Wolde-Hawariat G, Lindberg J
Ethiop Med J. 1989 Jul;27(3):101-6.
Medical personnel working in contact with blood and blood-contaminated body fluids are often considered to be a high-risk group for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and, as a result, it is recommended that they should be vaccinated against this infection. To find out if this is necessary in a country hyperendemic for HBV infection and to see if parents transmit the infection to their offspring, a total of 336 volunteer hospital employees, and 103 children of 47 of them, were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, HBeAg and anti-HBe using the radioimmunoassay technique. Of these, 242 (72%) were found to have evidence of past or present HBV infection and only 94 (28%) had no such evidence. The infection prevalence in the 47 parents was 68% comparable to that of the total sample. Only 9 of their 103 children were positive for HBV markers. All tested parents of these positive children were either negative for all markers or positive for anti-HBs. The HBV infection prevalence among this hospital population is not different from that of the general Ethiopian population, and vertical transmission appears unlikely in this group. Therefore, mass vaccination of hospital staff in hyperendemic areas is unnecessary.
与血液及被血液污染的体液接触的医务人员通常被视为感染乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的高危人群，因此，建议他们接种疫苗以预防这种感染。为了弄清楚在一个HBV感染高度流行的国家是否有必要这样做，以及父母是否会将感染传给其子女，使用放射免疫测定技术对336名志愿医院员工以及其中47人的103名子女进行了HBsAg、抗-HBc、抗-HBs、HBeAg和抗-HBe检测。其中，242人（72%）被发现有既往或当前HBV感染的证据，只有94人（28%）没有此类证据。47名父母的感染率为68%，与总样本的感染率相当。他们的103名子女中只有9名HBV标志物呈阳性。这些阳性儿童的所有接受检测的父母要么所有标志物均为阴性，要么抗-HBs呈阳性。该医院人群中的HBV感染率与埃塞俄比亚普通人群的感染率没有差异，并且在这组人群中似乎不太可能发生垂直传播。因此，在高度流行地区对医院工作人员进行大规模疫苗接种没有必要。
