婴幼儿时期的特应性是否是 ADHD 和 ASD 的危险因素？一项纵向研究。
Is atopy in early childhood a risk factor for ADHD and ASD? a longitudinal study.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
出版信息
J Psychosom Res. 2014 Oct;77(4):316-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.06.006. Epub 2014 Jun 21.
OBJECTIVE
Previous studies have found a temporal concordance in the increased prevalence of atopic diathesis/atopic diseases, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) worldwide. But, the temporal association among these 3 distinct diseases is unknown.
METHOD
14,812 atopic subjects diagnosed with any atopic disease (asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, or allergic conjunctivitis) before the age of 3 (atopic cohort) and 6944 non-atopic subjects with no lifetime atopic disease (non-atopic cohort), born between 1997 and 2000, were enrolled and followed to December 31, 2010 to identify the development of ADHD and ASD.
RESULTS
The presence of any atopic disease in early childhood increased the risk of developing ADHD (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.97) and ASD (HR: 3.40) in later life. Greater numbers of atopic comorbidities (4 comorbidities: ADHD: HR: 2.53; ASD: HR: 4.29) were significantly related to a greater risk of developing ADHD and ASD.
DISCUSSION
Atopic diathesis in early childhood elevated the risk of developing ADHD and ASD in later life, with the dose-dependent relationship of more atopic comorbidities with a greater likelihood of ADHD and ASD.
目的
先前的研究发现，特应性体质/特应性疾病、注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）在全球范围内的患病率呈时间一致性增加。但是，这 3 种不同疾病之间的时间关联尚不清楚。
方法
在 1997 年至 2000 年期间出生的 14812 名在 3 岁之前（特应性队列）被诊断患有任何特应性疾病（哮喘、特应性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎或过敏性结膜炎）的特应性患者和 6944 名无终身特应性疾病（非特应性队列）的非特应性患者，被纳入并随访至 2010 年 12 月 31 日，以确定 ADHD 和 ASD 的发生情况。
结果
儿童早期存在任何特应性疾病会增加以后发生 ADHD（风险比[HR]：1.97）和 ASD（HR：3.40）的风险。特应性合并症的数量越多（4 种合并症：ADHD：HR：2.53；ASD：HR：4.29），发生 ADHD 和 ASD 的风险就越高。
讨论
儿童早期的特应性体质会增加以后发生 ADHD 和 ASD 的风险，特应性合并症越多，发生 ADHD 和 ASD 的可能性就越大，呈剂量依赖性关系。
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