Sietsema Margaret, Conroy Lorraine M, Brosseau Lisa M
a School of Public Health , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois.
J Occup Environ Hyg. 2015;12(3):189-98. doi: 10.1080/15459624.2014.960576.
Airborne biological hazards in hospitals require the use of respiratory protection. A well-implemented respiratory protection program can protect health care workers from these exposures. This study examines the relationship between written respiratory programs and reported practices in health care settings. Twenty-eight hospitals in Illinois and Minnesota were recruited to a study of respiratory protection programs and practices in acute care settings. Interviews were conducted with hospital managers, unit managers, and health care workers from departments where respirators are commonly required. Each hospital's written respiratory protection program was scored for the 11 elements required by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), using a standardized tool, for a maximum possible score of 22 (2 pts. per element). Twenty interview questions associated with program practices were also scored by percent correct responses. Written program scores ranged from 2-17 with an average of 9.2. Hospital and unit managers scored on average 82% and 81%, respectively, when compared to the OSHA standard; health care workers scored significantly lower, 71% (p < 0.001). Minnesota written program scores were not significantly higher than Illinois hospitals (p = 0.16), while all Illinois survey respondents scored higher than those in Minnesota (p < 0.001). There was no trend between written programs and interview responses. Written respiratory protection programs in the study sites did not provide the level of detail required OSHA. Interview responses representing hospital practices surrounding respiratory protection indicated that hospitals were aware of and following regulatory guidelines.
医院中的空气传播生物危害需要使用呼吸防护设备。一个实施良好的呼吸防护计划可以保护医护人员免受这些暴露的危害。本研究考察了书面呼吸计划与医疗环境中报告的实践之间的关系。伊利诺伊州和明尼苏达州的28家医院被纳入一项关于急性护理环境中呼吸防护计划与实践的研究。对医院管理人员、科室管理人员以及通常需要使用呼吸器的科室的医护人员进行了访谈。使用标准化工具，根据职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）要求的11项要素，对每家医院的书面呼吸防护计划进行评分，最高可得22分（每项要素2分）。与计划实践相关的20个访谈问题也根据正确回答的百分比进行评分。书面计划得分在2至17分之间，平均分为9.2分。与OSHA标准相比，医院管理人员和科室管理人员的平均得分分别为82%和81%；医护人员的得分显著较低，为71%（p<0.001）。明尼苏达州的书面计划得分并不显著高于伊利诺伊州的医院（p = 0.16），而伊利诺伊州所有调查受访者的得分均高于明尼苏达州的受访者（p<0.001）。书面计划与访谈回答之间没有趋势关系。研究地点的书面呼吸防护计划未达到OSHA要求的详细程度。代表医院呼吸防护相关实践的访谈回答表明，医院了解并遵循监管指南。
