Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Nutr Rev. 2014 Oct;72 Suppl 1:137-45. doi: 10.1111/nure.12131.
Caffeine-containing energy drinks are popular and widely available beverages. Despite large increases in consumption, studies documenting the nutritional, metabolic, and health implications of these beverages are limited. This review provides some important methodological considerations in the examination of these drinks and highlights their potential impact on the gastrointestinal system, liver, and metabolic health. The gastrointestinal system is important as it comes into contact with the highest concentration of energy drink ingredients and initiates a chain of events to communicate with peripheral tissues. Although energy drinks have diverse compositions, including taurine, ginseng, and carnitine, the most metabolically deleterious ingredients appear to be simple sugars (such as glucose and fructose) and caffeine. In combination, these last two ingredients have the greatest metabolic impact and potential influence on overall health.
含咖啡因的能量饮料是一种受欢迎且广泛供应的饮料。尽管消耗量大幅增加，但记录这些饮料的营养、代谢和健康影响的研究仍然有限。这篇综述提供了一些在检查这些饮料时需要考虑的重要方法学问题，并强调了它们对胃肠道系统、肝脏和代谢健康的潜在影响。胃肠道系统很重要，因为它与能量饮料成分的浓度最高，并且启动了与外周组织进行通讯的一系列事件。虽然能量饮料的成分多种多样，包括牛磺酸、人参和肉碱，但最具代谢毒性的成分似乎是简单的糖（如葡萄糖和果糖）和咖啡因。这两种成分结合在一起，对代谢的影响最大，对整体健康的潜在影响也最大。
