Rigotti Paolo, Capovilla Giovanni, Di Bella Caterina, Silvestre Cristina, Donato Paola, Baldan Nicola, Furian Lucrezia
Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, Padua University Hospital, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Clin Transplant. 2014 Dec;28(12):1433-40. doi: 10.1111/ctr.12475. Epub 2014 Nov 4.
This study reports on a large series of 200 dual kidney transplantations (DKTs) from expanded criteria donors (ECDs) and proposes specific ways to optimize outcomes. Data concerning 200 DKTs performed in the last 14 yr were retrospectively analyzed. Kidneys from high-risk ECD were allocated for use in DKTs on an old-for-old basis after histological assessment. Different surgical techniques and immunosuppressant regimens were used over time, and the outcomes are discussed. Donors and recipients were a median 73 (70-77) and a 62 (58-67) yr old, respectively. Delayed graft function occurred in 31.5% of cases, and acute rejection in 13.5%. Patient and graft survival at five yr were 90.4% and 85.8%, respectively. Unilateral kidney placement was preferred for 75% of patients, and was associated with a low rate of surgical complications. Our current standard therapy comprising low-dose calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) associated with mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR) and steroids appears to offer the best risk/benefit profile for elderly patients undergoing DKT. In our experience, outcomes after DKT can be improved by: (i) kidney clinical-histological assessment; (ii) unilateral kidney placement; (iii) minimal use of CNI associated with mTOR.
本研究报告了来自扩大标准供体(ECD)的200例双肾移植(DKT)的大量病例系列,并提出了优化治疗结果的具体方法。对过去14年中进行的200例DKT的数据进行了回顾性分析。在组织学评估后,将高危ECD的肾脏以旧肾对旧肾的方式分配用于DKT。随着时间的推移,采用了不同的手术技术和免疫抑制方案,并对结果进行了讨论。供体和受体的年龄中位数分别为73岁(70 - 77岁)和62岁(58 - 67岁)。31.5%的病例发生移植肾功能延迟,13.5%发生急性排斥反应。5年时患者和移植物存活率分别为90.4%和85.8%。75%的患者首选单侧肾脏植入,且手术并发症发生率较低。我们目前的标准治疗方案包括低剂量钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂(CNI)联合雷帕霉素靶蛋白抑制剂(mTOR)和类固醇,似乎为接受DKT的老年患者提供了最佳的风险/获益比。根据我们的经验,通过以下方法可以改善DKT后的治疗结果:(i)肾脏临床组织学评估;(ii)单侧肾脏植入;(iii)尽量少用与mTOR联合的CNI。