Carvalho M A, Rodrigues M T, Siqueira S, Garcia C
Laboratório de Citogenética, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BA, Brasil
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Genet Mol Res. 2014 Sep 26;13(3):7826-38. doi: 10.4238/2014.September.26.21.
Hylidae is one of the most species-rich families of anurans, and 40% of representatives in this group occur in Brazil. In spite of such remarkable diversity, little is known about this family and its taxonomical and systematic features. Most hylids have 2n = 24, even though most of the cytogenetic data are mainly obtained based on the conventional chromosomal staining and are available for only 16% of Hypsiboas species, a genus accounting for about 10% of the hylid diversity. In this study, cytogenetic data of distinct species and populations of Hypsiboas were analyzed, and the evolutionary dynamics of chromosomal macro- and microstructure of these amphibians were discussed. Contrary to the conservativeness of 2n = 24, this genus is characterized by a high variation of chromosomal morphology with as much as 8 karyotype patterns. Differences in the number and location of nucleolus organizer regions and C-bands allowed the identification of geographical variants within nominal species and cytotaxonomical chromosomal markers. Comparative analyses revealed a strong phylogeographic relationship between chromosomal patterns in this group.
雨蛙科是无尾目中物种最为丰富的科之一，该类群40%的代表物种分布在巴西。尽管具有如此显著的多样性，但人们对这个科及其分类学和系统发育特征知之甚少。大多数雨蛙的染色体数目为2n = 24，不过大多数细胞遗传学数据主要是基于传统染色体染色获得的，仅适用于雨蛙属16%的物种，而该属约占雨蛙科多样性的10%。在本研究中，分析了雨蛙属不同物种和种群的细胞遗传学数据，并探讨了这些两栖动物染色体宏观和微观结构的进化动态。与2n = 24的保守性相反，该属的特点是染色体形态高度变异，多达8种核型模式。核仁组织区和C带数量及位置的差异使得能够识别名义物种内的地理变异以及细胞分类学染色体标记。比较分析揭示了该类群染色体模式之间存在很强的系统发育地理关系。
