Ménétrier A, Béliard S, Ravier G, Mourot L, Bouhaddi M, Regnard J, Tordi N
EA3920 Marqueurs Pronostiques et Facteurs de Régulations des Pathologies Cardiaques et Vasculaires, Plateforme Exercice Performance Santé Innovation, SFR FED 4234, Franche‑Comté University, Besançon, France -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2015 Jul-Aug;55(7-8):768-75. Epub 2014 Oct 10.
The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in femoral artery blood flow during cold water immersion (CWI), contrast water therapy (CWT) and thermoneutral water immersion (TWI).
Ten athletes came to the laboratory three times, to complete a 20-min procedure in upright position: 4 min in air (baseline), then 16-min full leg TWI (35 °C), CWI (12 °C) or CWT (2:2 12 °C to ~35 °C) min ratio, in a random order. Blood flow was measured every 2 min: baseline (i.e. min 3 and 1) and throughout water immersion (i.e. min 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15), using Doppler ultrasound in the superficial femoral artery, distal to the common bifurcation (3 cm), above the water and stocking.
Compared with baseline, blood flow was significantly higher throughout TWI (min 1 to 15: P<0.001; +74.6%), significantly lower during CWI (from min 7 to 15: P<0.05; -16.2%) and did not change during CWT (min 1 to 15). No changes in blood flow occurred between the hot and cold transitions of CWT.
This study shows that external hydrostatic pressure (TWI ~35 °C) significantly increases femoral artery blood flow. We also show that associating hydrostatic pressure with cooling (CWI ~12 °C) decreases femoral artery blood flow after a sufficient duration, whereas associating hydrostatic pressure with alternating brief exposures to contrasted temperatures does not change femoral artery blood flow under resting conditions.
本研究旨在探究冷水浸泡（CWI）、对比水疗法（CWT）和热中性水浸泡（TWI）过程中股动脉血流的变化。
10名运动员分三次来到实验室，在直立位完成一个20分钟的流程：先在空气中站立4分钟（基线），然后以随机顺序进行16分钟的全腿TWI（约35°C）、CWI（约12°C）或CWT（2:2分钟，温度从约12°C交替至约35°C）。每隔2分钟测量一次血流：在基线时（即第1分钟和第3分钟）以及整个水浸泡过程中（即第1、3、5、7、9、11、13和15分钟），使用多普勒超声在股浅动脉距股总分叉约3厘米处、水面上方且穿着长袜的位置进行测量。
与基线相比，TWI全程血流显著升高（第1至15分钟：P<0.001；增加74.6%），CWI期间血流显著降低（从第7至15分钟：P<0.05；降低16.2%），而CWT期间血流无变化（第1至15分钟）。CWT的冷热转换期间血流无变化。
本研究表明，外部静水压力（TWI约35°C）可显著增加股动脉血流。我们还表明，将静水压力与降温（CWI约12°C）相结合，在足够长的时间后会降低股动脉血流，而在静息状态下，将静水压力与短暂交替暴露于对比温度相结合不会改变股动脉血流。
