Rashti Farzin, Gupta Ekta, Ebrahimi Suzan, Shope Timothy R, Koch Timothy R, Gostout Christopher J
Farzin Rashti, Ekta Gupta, Suzan Ebrahimi, Timothy R Koch, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MedStar-Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, United States.
World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Oct 7;20(37):13424-45. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i37.13424.
The field of bariatric surgery has been rapidly growing and evolving over the past several decades. During the period that obesity has become a worldwide epidemic, new interventions have been developed to combat this complex disorder. The development of new laparoscopic and minimally invasive treatments for medically-complicated obesity has made it essential that gastrointestinal physicians obtain a thorough understanding of past developments and possible future directions in bariatrics. New laparoscopic advancements provide patients and practitioners with a variety of options that have an improved safety profile and better efficacy without open, invasive surgery. The mechanisms of weight loss after bariatric surgery are complex and may in part be related to altered release of regulatory peptide hormones from the gut. Endoscopic techniques designed to mimic the effects of bariatric surgery and endolumenal interventions performed entirely through the gastrointestinal tract offer potential advantages. Several of these new techniques have demonstrated promising, preliminary results. We outline herein historical and current trends in the development of bariatric surgery and its transition to safer and more minimally invasive procedures designed to induce weight loss.
在过去几十年中，减肥手术领域一直在迅速发展和演变。在肥胖已成为全球流行病的时期，已开发出新的干预措施来对抗这种复杂的疾病。针对医学上复杂的肥胖症开发新的腹腔镜和微创治疗方法，使得胃肠病医生必须全面了解减肥手术的过去发展情况以及未来可能的发展方向。新的腹腔镜技术进步为患者和从业者提供了多种选择，这些选择具有更高的安全性和更好的疗效，而无需进行开放性侵入性手术。减肥手术后体重减轻的机制很复杂，可能部分与肠道调节肽激素释放的改变有关。旨在模拟减肥手术效果的内镜技术以及完全通过胃肠道进行的腔内干预具有潜在优势。其中一些新技术已显示出有前景的初步结果。在此，我们概述减肥手术发展的历史和当前趋势，以及其向旨在诱导体重减轻的更安全、创伤更小的手术的转变。
