[Hereditary diseases of the eye and their relative significance among the causes of blindness and diminished vision in the pupils of boarding schools for blind and amblyopic children in Uzbekistan].

At the present time about 2000 hereditary diseases are known, 246 pathologic genes leading to eye pathology are described. Diagnostics of these diseases is important for correct treatment, prognosis and rehabilitation. Results of examinations, conducted by the authors, of 1843 pupils of boarding-schools for blind and poor-sighted children in Uzbekistan were identified with 87 nosologic forms of hereditary eye diseases which can develop among the contingents of pupils of these schools. Hereditary diseases were diagnosed in 1005 (54%) examined children. The hereditary character of this pathology is confirmed by results of genealogical examination, combination of eye pathologies, associated diseases of internal organs and systems in the examined children.