Moura Octávio, Simões Mário R, Pereira Marcelino
a Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.
Appl Neuropsychol Child. 2015;4(4):237-48. doi: 10.1080/21622965.2014.885389. Epub 2014 Oct 15.
A Portuguese sample of 50 children with developmental dyslexia (DD) and 50 typical readers (TR) who were matched for age (8-12 years old) were tested on measures of working memory. Relative to the TR, the children with DD performed significantly worse on phonological loop (PL) and central executive (CE) tasks; however, they exhibited no impairments on visuospatial sketchpad (VSSP) tasks. After controlling for the influence of the PL, the group differences in CE tasks were no longer significant. The results of a receiver-operating characteristics curve analysis and a binary logistic regression analysis suggested that the PL and CE tasks (but not the VSSP tasks) were relevant variables for identifying children with DD. Hierarchical linear regression analyses showed that the PL and CE (Backward Digit Span only) tasks were significant predictors of reading and spelling abilities.
对50名患有发育性阅读障碍（DD）的葡萄牙儿童和50名年龄匹配（8至12岁）的典型阅读者（TR）进行了工作记忆测试。与典型阅读者相比，患有发育性阅读障碍的儿童在语音回路（PL）和中央执行（CE）任务上的表现明显更差；然而，他们在视觉空间画板（VSSP）任务上没有表现出损伤。在控制了语音回路的影响后，中央执行任务中的组间差异不再显著。接受者操作特征曲线分析和二元逻辑回归分析的结果表明，语音回路和中央执行任务（但不是视觉空间画板任务）是识别患有发育性阅读障碍儿童的相关变量。分层线性回归分析表明，语音回路和中央执行（仅倒背数字广度）任务是阅读和拼写能力的重要预测指标。
