Caterson E J, Tsai David M, Cauley Ryan, Dowdall Jayme R, Tracy Lauren E
From the *Division of Plastic Surgery, and †Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, ‡Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, and §Division of Otolaryngology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Craniofac Surg. 2014 Nov;25(6):2160-3. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000001159.
Occult submucous cleft palate is a congenital deformity characterized by deficient union of the muscles that normally cross the velum and aid in elevation of the soft palate. Despite this insufficient muscle coverage, occult submucous cleft palate by definition lacks clear external anatomic landmarks. This absence of anatomic signs makes diagnosis of occult submucous cleft less obvious, more dependent on ancillary tests, and potentially missed entirely. Current diagnostic methodologies are limited and often are unrevealing in the presurgical patient; however, a missed diagnosis of occult submucous cleft palate can result in velopharyngeal insufficiency and major functional impairment in patients after surgery on the oropharynx. By accurately and easily diagnosing occult submucous cleft palate, it is possible to defer or modify pharyngeal surgical intervention that may further impair velopharyngeal function in susceptible patients. In this report, we introduce transillumination of the soft palate using a transnasal or transoral flexible endoscope as an inexpensive and simple technique for identification of submucous cleft palate. The use of transillumination of an occult submucous cleft palate is illustrated in a patient case and is compared to other current diagnostic methodologies.
隐匿性黏膜下腭裂是一种先天性畸形,其特征是通常穿过腭帆并协助软腭抬高的肌肉联合不全。尽管肌肉覆盖不足,但根据定义,隐匿性黏膜下腭裂缺乏明显的外部解剖标志。这种解剖学体征的缺失使得隐匿性黏膜下腭裂的诊断不那么明显,更多地依赖于辅助检查,并且有可能完全漏诊。目前的诊断方法有限,在术前患者中往往无法提供有价值的信息;然而,隐匿性黏膜下腭裂的漏诊可能导致患者在口咽手术后出现腭咽闭合不全和严重的功能障碍。通过准确、简便地诊断隐匿性黏膜下腭裂,可以推迟或修改可能进一步损害易感患者腭咽功能的咽部手术干预。在本报告中,我们介绍了使用经鼻或经口柔性内窥镜对软腭进行透照检查,这是一种用于识别黏膜下腭裂的廉价且简单的技术。通过一个病例展示了隐匿性黏膜下腭裂透照检查的应用,并与其他当前的诊断方法进行了比较。