Adetunde Oluwatoyin T, Mills Graham A, Olayinka Kehinde O, Alo Babajide I
a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Lagos Akoka , Yaba , Lagos , Nigeria.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2014;49(14):1661-71. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2014.951223.
Soils from 12 sites in Lagos area, Nigeria impacted by anthropogenic activities were extracted by ultrasonication and analysed for the concentration of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The concentration of the sum of PAHs ranged from 0.2 to 254 μg/g at these sites. The sum benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent dose (BaPeq) at the sites ranged from 0.0 (K, forest soil) to 16.7 μg/g (C, the lubricating oil depot soil). Mean daily intake (MDI) for the composite soils samples when compared that of food revealed that some of the individual PAH in samples from sites A (Dump site), C (Depot and loading point for used for black oil), F (Dump site), G(petroleum depot), H (Roadside) and L (Car park) exceeded the recommended the recommended MDI threshold for food, indicating some risk associated with activities on these sites based on this ingestion estimate exceeded value. 8.2 × 10(-6), 7.1 × 10(-7), 1.2 × 10(-4), 4.9 × 10(-7), 7.3 × 10(-7), 1.4 × 10(-5), 7.9 × 10(-5), 4.6 × 10(-6), 3.4 × 10(-7), 2.4 × 10(-7), 2.2 × 10(-7) and 1.1 × 10(-4) estimated theoretical cancer risk (ER) for an adult with a body weight of 70 kg working on sites were composite soil samples A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L respectively were sampled. The ER from occupational exposure to surface soil based on oral ingestion were all higher than the target risk of 1 × 10(-6) for normal exposure but were all within the 1 × 10(-4) for extreme exposure for most of the sites except for site C and L. The differences in concentration and risk were related to the different activities (e.g., handling of petroleum products, open burning, bush burning) undertaken at these locations. However, it should be noted here that the resultant risk could be overestimated, since these calculations were based on an exhaustive extraction technique which may be different from uptake by the human guts (bioavailability study).
对尼日利亚拉各斯地区受人为活动影响的12个地点的土壤进行超声提取，并用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）分析其中16种优先多环芳烃（PAHs）的浓度。这些地点PAHs总量的浓度范围为0.2至254μg/g。各地点苯并[a]芘当量剂量（BaPeq）范围为0.0（K，森林土壤）至16.7μg/g（C，润滑油储存库土壤）。将复合土壤样品的日均摄入量（MDI）与食物的MDI进行比较，发现来自A（垃圾场）、C（旧油储存库和装卸点）、F（垃圾场）、G（石油储存库）、H（路边）和L（停车场）等地点样品中的某些PAH个体含量超过了食物推荐的MDI阈值，这表明基于这种摄入估计的超标值，这些地点的活动存在一定风险。分别对在A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I、J、K和L等地点工作的体重70kg的成年人的复合土壤样品进行采样，估计其理论致癌风险（ER）分别为8.2×10⁻⁶、7.1×10⁻⁷、1.2×10⁻⁴、4.9×10⁻⁷、7.3×10⁻⁷、1.4×10⁻⁵、7.9×10⁻⁵、4.6×10⁻⁶、3.4×10⁻⁷、2.4×10⁻⁷、2.2×10⁻⁷和1.1×10⁻⁴。基于经口摄入的职业接触地表土壤的ER均高于正常接触的目标风险1×10⁻⁶，但除C和L地点外，大多数地点均在极端接触的1×10⁻⁴范围内。浓度和风险的差异与这些地点进行的不同活动（如石油产品处理、露天焚烧、丛林焚烧）有关。然而，此处应注意，由于这些计算基于一种详尽的提取技术，可能与人体肠道吸收（生物利用度研究）不同，因此所得风险可能被高估。
