Yao Cheng, Ni Jin-Zhi, Liu Rui, Yang Liu-Ming, Chen Wei-Feng, Wei Ran
School of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Apr 8;41(4):1847-1854. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201909065.
The contents and sources of 15 US EPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in 59 surface soil samples (0-10 cm depth) collected from six functional zones, including cultural and educational area, park, residential area, vegetable garden, gas station, and industrial area, in Yangzhou City. The toxicity equivalent content of benzo[a]pyrene (TEQ) was adopted to assess PAH risks in soils. The results showed that the contents of Σ15PAHs in soil samples ranged from 21 to 36118 μg·kg, with a median value of 295 μg·kg. The composition of PAHs was dominated by 4-6 ring PAHs. The average contents of Σ15PAHs in various functional zones in Yangzhou City was in the order of industrial area > gas station > cultural and educational area > vegetable garden > residential area > park. Correlation analysis showed that the contents of Σ15PAHs were significantly positively correlated with the contents of both TOC (<0.05) and BC (<0.01) in soil samples from whole Yangzhou City. However, the contents of Σ15PAHs had no significant correlations with the contents of both TOC and BC in soil samples within each functional zone except gas station, in which the contents of Σ15PAHs had a significant correlation with those of BC (<0.01). The results of PAH ratios showed that the sources of PAHs in soils of various functional zones were mainly from oil leakage and the combustion of oil, coal, and biomass, although there were some differences among them. The values of ΣTEQ of 15 PAHs ranged from 2 to 4448 μg·kg in the soil samples of Yangzhou City. According to the standard value of 33 μg·kg of ΣTEQ for 10 PAHs in the soil environmental standard of Netherland, 45.8% of soil samples exceeded the standard in Yangzhou City. The percentages of soil samples exceeding the standard of various functional zones in Yangzhou City were in the order of industrial area (70%) > gas station (60%) > cultural and educational area (55.6%) > vegetable garden (50.0%) > residential area (30%) > park (10%). Hence, in all the functional zones of Yangzhou City, there were some soil samples with potential ecological risks, which was relatively higher in industrial area and gas station, and relatively lower in residential area and park.
对扬州市文化教育区、公园、居民区、菜园、加油站和工业区6个功能区采集的59个表层土壤样本（0 - 10厘米深度），分析了美国环保署优先控制的15种多环芳烃（PAHs）的含量及来源。采用苯并[a]芘毒性当量含量（TEQ）评估土壤中PAHs的风险。结果表明，土壤样本中Σ15PAHs含量范围为21至36118μg·kg，中位数为295μg·kg。PAHs的组成以4 - 6环PAHs为主。扬州市各功能区Σ15PAHs平均含量依次为工业区＞加油站＞文化教育区＞菜园＞居民区＞公园。相关性分析表明，扬州市全市土壤样本中Σ15PAHs含量与总有机碳（TOC）含量（<0.05）和黑碳（BC）含量（<0.01）均呈显著正相关。然而，除加油站外，各功能区土壤样本中Σ15PAHs含量与TOC和BC含量均无显著相关性，在加油站土壤样本中Σ15PAHs含量与BC含量呈显著相关（<0.01）。PAH比值结果表明，各功能区土壤中PAHs来源主要为石油泄漏以及石油、煤炭和生物质燃烧，尽管它们之间存在一些差异。扬州市土壤样本中15种PAHs的ΣTEQ值范围为2至4448μg·kg。根据荷兰土壤环境标准中10种PAHs的ΣTEQ标准值33μg·kg，扬州市45.8%的土壤样本超标。扬州市各功能区土壤样本超标率依次为工业区（70%）＞加油站（60%）＞文化教育区（55.6%）＞菜园（50.0%）＞居民区（30%）＞公园（10%）。因此，扬州市所有功能区均存在一些具有潜在生态风险的土壤样本，在工业区和加油站相对较高，在居民区和公园相对较低。
