Stahnisch Frank W
Departments of Community Health Sciences and History, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Canada.
Eur Neurol. 2014;72(5-6):333-9. doi: 10.1159/000363291. Epub 2014 Oct 14.
The interconnections between the history of neurology and neurological surgery with the development of modern, technological warfare are a vastly under-researched area of medical history. The main objectives of this paper are hence to contribute to the understanding and analysis of a major case example from World War II.
The article's research is based on work at the Bundesarchiv in Koblenz, the Max Planck Gesellschaft in Berlin, and literature regarding the Fuehrungsstab der Luftwaffe, undertaken as part of a larger scale project on the history of the neurosciences and psychiatry in the first half of the 20th century.
The current article focuses particularly on the Ostfeldzug of the Wehrmacht and the creation of emergency care chains in military neurology and neurological surgery. Its results show how major German neurologists, such as Otfrid Foerster, Wilhelm Toennis, Georg Merrem and Klaus Joachim Zuelch have contributed to the development of emergency care chains in military neurology. Key Messages: In conclusion, despite the atrocities and often-inhumane ways through which knowledge was gathered in contemporary military neurology, a better understanding of modern neurology can be gained from a critical assessment of the history of military neurology during World War II.
神经病学和神经外科的历史与现代技术战争发展之间的联系，是医学史中一个研究极为不足的领域。因此，本文的主要目的是促进对二战中一个主要案例的理解和分析。
本文的研究基于在科布伦茨的联邦档案馆、柏林的马克斯·普朗克学会的工作，以及关于德国空军参谋部的文献，这些是作为20世纪上半叶神经科学和精神病学史更大规模项目的一部分进行的。
本文特别关注德国国防军的“东方行动”以及军事神经病学和神经外科急救链的创建。其结果展示了德国主要神经病学家，如奥特弗里德·福斯特、威廉·托尼斯、格奥尔格·梅雷姆和克劳斯·约阿希姆·聚尔希，如何为军事神经病学急救链的发展做出贡献。关键信息：总之，尽管当代军事神经病学获取知识的方式存在暴行且往往不人道，但通过对二战期间军事神经病学史的批判性评估，可以更好地理解现代神经病学。
