Guseva Daria, Wirth Alexander, Ponimaskin Evgeni
Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2014 Oct 1;8:306. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00306. eCollection 2014.
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter regulating a wide range of physiological and pathological functions via activation of heterogeneously expressed 5-HT receptors. The 5-HT7 receptor is one of the most recently described members of the 5-HT receptor family. Functionally, 5-HT7 receptor is associated with a number of physiological and pathological responses, including serotonin-induced phase shifting of the circadian rhythm, control of memory as well as locomotor and exploratory activity. A large body of evidence indicates involvement of the 5-HT7 receptor in anxiety and depression, and recent studies suggest that 5-HT7 receptor can be highly relevant for the treatment of major depressive disorders. The 5-HT7 receptor is coupled to the stimulatory Gs-protein, and receptor stimulation results in activation of adenylyl cyclase (AC) leading to a rise of cAMP concentration. In addition, this receptor is coupled to the G12-protein to activate small GTPases of the Rho family. This review focuses on molecular mechanisms responsible for the 5-HT7 receptor-mediated signaling. We provide detailed overview of signaling cascades controlled and regulated by the 5-HT7 receptor and discuss the functional impact of 5-HT7 receptor for the regulation of different cellular and subcellular processes.
血清素（5-羟色胺或5-HT）是一种重要的神经递质，通过激活异质性表达的5-HT受体来调节广泛的生理和病理功能。5-HT7受体是5-HT受体家族中最近被描述的成员之一。在功能上，5-HT7受体与许多生理和病理反应相关，包括血清素诱导的昼夜节律相位偏移、记忆控制以及运动和探索活动。大量证据表明5-HT7受体参与焦虑和抑郁，最近的研究表明5-HT7受体可能与重度抑郁症的治疗高度相关。5-HT7受体与刺激性Gs蛋白偶联，受体刺激导致腺苷酸环化酶（AC）激活，从而使环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）浓度升高。此外，该受体与G12蛋白偶联以激活Rho家族的小GTP酶。本综述重点关注5-HT7受体介导的信号传导的分子机制。我们详细概述了由5-HT7受体控制和调节的信号级联反应，并讨论了5-HT7受体对不同细胞和亚细胞过程调节的功能影响。
