Wojtys Edward M, Jannausch Mary L, Kreinbrink Jennifer L, Harlow Siobán D, Sowers MaryFran R
MedSport and Departments of.
J Athl Train. 2015 Feb;50(2):185-92. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.62. Epub 2014 Oct 20.
Physical activity may affect the concentrations of circulating endogenous hormones in female athletes. Understanding the relationship between athletic and physical activity and circulating female hormone concentrations is critical.
To test the hypotheses that (1) the estradiol-progesterone profile of high school adolescent girls participating in training, conditioning, and competition would differ from that of physically inactive, age-matched adolescent girls throughout a 3-month period; and (2) athletic training and conditioning would alter body composition (muscle, bone), leading to an increasingly greater lean-body-mass to fat-body-mass ratio with accompanying hormonal changes.
Cohort study.
Laboratory and participants' homes.
A total of 106 adolescent girls, ages 14-18 years, who had experienced at least 3 menstrual cycles in their lifetime.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Participants were prospectively monitored throughout a 13-week period, with weekly physical activity assessments and 15 urine samples for estrogen, luteinizing hormone, creatinine, and progesterone concentrations. Each girl underwent body-composition measurements before and after the study period.
Seventy-four of the 98 girls (76%) who completed the study classified themselves as athletes. Body mass index, body mass, and fat measures remained stable, and 17 teenagers had no complete menstrual cycle during the observation period. Mean concentrations of log(estrogen/creatinine) were slightly greater in nonathletes who had cycles of <24 or >35 days. Mean log(progesterone/creatinine) concentrations in nonathletes were less in the first half and greater in the second half of the cycle, but the differences were not statistically significant.
A moderate level of athletic or physical activity did not influence urine concentrations of estrogen, progesterone, or luteinizing hormones. However, none of the participants achieved high levels of physical activity. A significant number (17%) of girls in both activity groups were amenorrheic during the 3-month study period.
体育活动可能会影响女运动员体内循环的内源性激素浓度。了解运动和体育活动与循环中的女性激素浓度之间的关系至关重要。
检验以下假设：（1）在3个月的时间里，参加训练、体能训练和比赛的高中青春期女孩的雌二醇 - 孕酮水平与不运动、年龄匹配的青春期女孩不同；（2）运动训练和体能训练会改变身体成分（肌肉、骨骼），导致瘦体重与脂肪体重的比例增加，并伴随激素变化。
队列研究。
实验室和参与者家中。
共有106名14 - 18岁的青春期女孩，她们一生中至少经历过3次月经周期。
在13周的时间里对参与者进行前瞻性监测，每周进行体育活动评估，并采集15份尿液样本检测雌激素、促黄体生成素、肌酐和孕酮浓度。每个女孩在研究前后都进行了身体成分测量。
完成研究的98名女孩中有74名（76%）将自己归类为运动员。体重指数、体重和脂肪测量值保持稳定，17名青少年在观察期内没有完整的月经周期。月经周期小于24天或大于35天的非运动员中，log（雌激素/肌酐）的平均浓度略高。非运动员中log（孕酮/肌酐）的平均浓度在周期的前半段较低，后半段较高，但差异无统计学意义。
适度的运动或体育活动不会影响尿液中雌激素、孕酮或促黄体生成素的浓度。然而，没有参与者达到高水平的体育活动。在3个月的研究期间，两个活动组中都有相当数量（17%）的女孩闭经。
